Testing strategies are described for assessing the environmental fate and transport of tyre chemicals in the following processes that can occur during the tyre lifecycle:

a) transformation of chemical additives in tread during tyre curing;

b) transformation of chemical additives during TRWP generation (tyre use);

c) transformation of chemical additives during TRWP aging and weathering;

d) leaching of chemical additives and transformation products from TRWP to water;

e) availability of chemical additives and transformation products from TRWP in sediment ecosystems.

Mass concentrations and fractions of chemicals released or available from TRWP for the five lifecycle steps are used to estimate

a) cumulative fraction of tread chemical(s) and transformation product(s) released to water, and

b) cumulative fraction tread chemical(s) and transformation products(s) environmentally available.

NOTE Ce cadre s'articule essentiellement autour des normes ISO publiées, mais il tient compte également de normes publiées par d'autres organismes tels que l'ASTM, le DIN et l'AFNOR. Le présent document fournit un bref résumé et une justification pour chaque norme nécessaire à la caractérisation des propriétés physiques et chimiques présentant un intérêt.

This method is applicable for the collection of TRWP from a known pavement and tyre type under realistic driving conditions without the inference of road surface contaminants (i.e. brake dust, exhaust, grease, etc.).

There is a possibility that this method is not relevant for studded tyres.

ISO/TS 21396:2017 establishes principles for soil or sediment sample collection, the generation of pyrolysis fragments from the sample, and the quantification of the generated polymer fragments. The quantified polymer mass is used to calculate the concentration of TRWP in soil or sediment. These quantities are expressed on a TRWP basis, which includes the mass of tyre tread and mass of road wear encrustations, and can also be expressed on a tyre rubber polymer or tyre tread basis.

NOTE Tyre and road wear particles are a discrete mass of elongated particles generated at the frictional interface between the tyre and roadway surface during the service life of a tyre. The particles consist of tyre tread enriched with mineral encrustations from the roadway surface.

These equivalencies are intended for future applications and do not apply to past practices.