AA – PDF Standards Store

AA YL1:2018 Edition

Tue, 05 Nov 2024 06:54:47 +0000

The Yellow Sheets list tempers for aluminum and aluminum alloy products registered with The Aluminum Association by individual producers, which are not contained in the Association's "Aluminum Standards and Data." Information on mechanical property data and other metallurgical characteristics specific to the alloy-temper combinations of numerous semi-fabricated products as well as a number of cast products that have been registered with The Aluminum Association are included. The 2018 version of the Yellow Sheets includes 59 new alloys and tempers; additionally 39 alloys and tempers were designated as inactive. The footnotes were also evaluated and one was removed.

AA WTE24:1986 Edition

Tue, 05 Nov 2024 06:54:46 +0000

Aluminum Welders Training Manual and Exercises

Published By	Publication Date	Number of Pages
AA	1986	201

AA TRBR:2000 Edition

Tue, 05 Nov 2024 06:54:45 +0000

For decades, the aluminum industry has been investigating options for treating, disposing, and using bauxite residue (or red mud), a byproduct of the Bayer process to extract aluminum oxide from bauxite ore. This report examines the issues surrounding bauxite residue, discusses different approaches for treatment/disposal/utilization, and identifies research and development needs for some of the most promising options.
Alumina Production and Bauxite Residue
The starting material for electrolytic smelting of aluminum is pure, anhydrous aluminum oxide (Al2O3), also known as alumina. The principal ore from which aluminum is extracted is called bauxite. The principal ingredients contained in the bauxite are hydrated aluminum oxide, iron oxide (which gives it its reddish-brown color), silicates (e.g., clay, quartz), and titanium dioxide.
The Bayer process is used to produce alumina from bauxite. Because of variability in ores, each alumina plant is almost tailored to suit a particular bauxite. In the Bayer process, the bauxite is crushed and ground, then mixed with a solution of caustic soda and pumped into large autoclaves. There, under pressure and at a temperature of 110°C to 270°C, the alumina contained in the ore is dissolved to form sodium aluminate. The silica in the bauxite reacts and precipitates from solution as sodium-aluminum-silicate.
The remaining residues consist partly of minerals that do not dissolve during the caustic treatment of the bauxite (e.g., iron and titanium oxide), calcium carbonate and calcium aluminates from lime addition, and also of what is known as the dedication product (DSP), which contains not only silica but considerable quantities of unrecoverable alumina and soda. Some bauxite residues contain as much as 24% TiO2, 43% Al2O3, and 54% Fe2O3, depending on the mineralogical make-up of the bauxite. The residue also contains trace amounts of the metals niobium, gallium, zirconium, thorium, scandium, and vanadium. The residue settles out of solution and is separated from the sodium aluminate solution, washed to recover the caustic soda, and pumped to disposal areas.
The worldwide alumina industry produces over 70 million dry metric tons of bauxite residue annually. Australia is the largest alumina refiner in the world, processing around 30% of the total alumina (see text box next page).
The production of one ton of aluminum metal yields 1.5 to 4 tons of bauxite residue (on a dry basis) to be disposed. The worldwide average of residue in disposal sites is 50% solids in the residue.
Overview of Bauxite Residue Treatment
Bauxite residue is removed during the Bayer process by gravity settling or filtering the solids from the sodium aluminate liquor. Storage methods, which involve the dewatering of the residue, are tailored to suit local situations and legislation. Methods that do not preclude the future exploitation of the residue can be considered under the headings stacking and nonstacking.
Stacking calls for residue that is dense enough to require (if it is to be conveyed) vacuum, pressure, or high-pressure filtration to ensure the desired degree of dewatering. Alternatively, a common stacking method consists of spreading a thin layer of residue over a broad area and then extending the next layer only when the first is completely dry.
Nonstacking methods provide for the discharge of bauxite residue into lagoons. Such lagoons may not be naturally impervious but can be made so by means of plastic sheeting or clay to prevent seepage of the caustic liquid into the subsoil. The mud that settles on the bottom can be drained and stored. A layer of water is kept over the surface of the mud, or the lake is sprayed periodically with water to keep the dust hazard to a minimum. Eventually, lagoons can be covered with a layer of topsoil when they are closed.

AA TR7:2006

Tue, 05 Nov 2024 06:54:44 +0000

Introduction
Aluminum flat sheet, plate and coil can be efficiently handled either manually and with most equipment. This brochure describes procedures and methods that have been used successfully. The suggestions and precautions outlined for handling aluminum to minimize surface damage and in-plant scrap can be equally beneficial for handling other metal products.
The information in this document is intended to provide a summary of best practices for the handling of aluminum sheet, plate and coil in order to avoid staining, scratching and other physical markings. The suggested handling practices are not intended to modify the comprehensive safety procedures that should be in effect at each individual facility. As with all plant equipment, it is critical that operators ensure that any activity is in accordance with the manufacturer's rated capacity of that equipment and that appropriate safety procedures are strictly followed.

AA TR7:1981

Tue, 05 Nov 2024 06:54:43 +0000

AA TR6:1979

Tue, 05 Nov 2024 06:54:42 +0000

Recycling Aluminum Industrial Scrap

Published By	Publication Date	Number of Pages
AA	1979	12

AA TR3:2004

Tue, 05 Nov 2024 06:54:41 +0000

Aluminum is naturally attractive and resistant to corrosion. Unlike most other metals, it takes care of itself. When exposed to dry or moist air it combines with oxygen to form a tough, transparent, protective oxide coating. In the presence of moisture, aluminum will not rust as will steel, but under certain conditions aluminum will stain. Such stains are usually found objectionable for esthetic reasons; they have no significant effect on strength but may cause processing problems where additional surface finishing or fabrication is to be performed. Virtually ail staining problems occur during shipping, handling, or storage. Some of the incorrect practices that result in water staining and ways to minimize or avoid the staining are discussed in this pamphlet. A summary of the measures to minimize water staining is provided in Appendix 1 and is reproduced as a handy wall chart, which is included with this pamphlet.
Copies of the chart may be obtained separately from The Aluminum Association.

AA TR3:1997

Tue, 05 Nov 2024 06:54:40 +0000

AA TR2:2006

Tue, 05 Nov 2024 06:54:39 +0000

Recommendations for Storage and Handling of Aluminum Powders and Paste

Published By	Publication Date	Number of Pages
AA	2006	8

AA TR-2:1990

Tue, 05 Nov 2024 06:54:38 +0000

Recommendations for Storage and Handling of Aluminum Powders and Paste

Published By	Publication Date	Number of Pages
AA	1990	8