This is the first edition of IEEE Std 844.4™/CSA C293.4, IEEE/CSA Standard for Impedance Heating of Pipelines and Equipment—Application Guide for Design, Installation, Testing, Commissioning, and Maintenance, which is a harmonized standard jointly developed by IEEE and CSA Group. The IEEE requirements for impedance heating were previously published in IEEE Std 844.

This standard is one of five projects to break up the original IEEE Std 844 into separate requirements and application guidelines. This standard was developed under the Partner Standards Development Organization cooperation agreement between IEEE and CSA Group and was submitted to a parallel enquiry vote by both organizations.

Impedance heating systems have been used for a number of years in the industry. They were recognized for the first time in the 1981 edition of the National Electrical Code®, NFPA 70. Impedance heating of pipelines and equipment in petrochemical as well as other industries is a growing portion of total heating requirements.

This standard should be used in conjunction with IEEE Std 844.3™/CSA C22.2 No. 293.3, IEEE/CSA Standard for Impedance Heating of Pipelines and Equipment—General, Testing, Marking, and Documentation Requirements.

Since impedance heating systems are interrelated with electric power, control, and alarm systems, other standards (some of which are listed in Clause 2) should be referred to when using this standard.

This standard is not intended to supersede any current standards or recommended practices, and sound engineering judgment should always be used when applying this or any other standard. This standard correlates industry practices; it is not intended to be a design guide or an exhaustive procedure manual. The annexes that are included in this standard are informative.

Overview

1.1 General

This standard is divided into seven clauses. Clause 1 provides the scope and purpose. Clause 2 lists references to other standards that are useful in applying this standard. Clause 3 references definitions that are found in IEEE Std 844.3/CSA C22.2 No.293.3. Clause 4 establishes the design guidelines for impedance heating. Clause 5 provides installation considerations and guidelines. Clause 6 covers field testing, start-up, commissioning, and operation of impedance heating systems. Clause 7 provides maintenance and repair guidelines.

This standard also contains annexes. Annex A provides bibliographical references. Annex B provides pipe heat loss calculation methods. Annex C provides heat-up and cool-down calculation methods. Annex D provides a method to determine equivalent thicknesses of insulating cements. Annex E provides an example of design input parameters for an impedance heating design. Annex F presents an example of a record for installation requirements. Annex G shows an example of a form that can be used to document the commissioning of the system. Annex H presents an example of a preventive maintenance record. Annex I shows the insulated impedance conductor types covered in this standard.

1.2 Scope

This standard provides for the application of impedance heating systems for steel or steel alloy pipe and equipment. It provides recommendations for design, installation, maintenance, and repair of these systems in general industry applications.

This standard applies to impedance heating systems intended to be installed in ordinary and hazardous locations with explosive atmospheres. The hazardous locations include the following:

– In Canada: Zone 2; Zone 22; or Class I, Division 2; Class II, Division 2; Class III, Division 2 as described in CSA C22.1; and

– In the USA: Class I, Zone 2; Zone 22; or Class I, Division 2; Class II, Division 2; Class III, Division 2 as described in the NEC.

This standard, when used with other recognized codes and standards, is intended to cover impedance heating systems in their entirety, including system design, specification, installation, operation, testing, commissioning, and maintenance. This document also addresses the following associated systems that are important to the performance of impedance heating systems:

a) Thermal insulation systems;

b) Electric power supply systems;

c) Electric grounding systems; and

d) Control and monitoring systems.

1.3 Purpose

This standard is intended to aid the user in specifying, installing, operating, testing during commissioning, and maintaining impedance heating systems that:

a) Maintain design temperature;

b) Provide electrical, thermal, and mechanical durability and reliability; and

c) Reduce hazards to the user and the surroundings.

Design information, selection parameters, and data in this standard are not intended to provide a complete design primer for impedance heating systems. The information presented provides guidelines for the following:

– Selecting the optimum impedance heating system design;

– Establishing design criteria and constraints for the heated pipeline or equipment to help ensure system compatibility;

– Preparing specifications to obtain quotations for impedance heating systems; and

– Developing information on installation, operation, testing, commissioning, and maintenance of the impedance heating system.

1.4 Terminology

In this standard, shall is used to express a requirement, i.e., a provision that the user is obliged to satisfy in order to comply with the standard; should is used to express a recommendation or that which is advised but not required; and may is used to express an option or that which is permissible within the limits of the standard.

Notes accompanying clauses do not include requirements or alternative requirements; the purpose of a note accompanying a clause is to separate from the text explanatory or informative material.

Notes to tables and figures are considered part of the table or figure and may be written as requirements.

Annexes are designated normative (mandatory) or informative (non-mandatory) to define their application.

This is the first edition of IEEE Std 844.2™/CSA C293.2, Standard for Skin Effect Trace Heating of Pipelines, Vessels, Equipment, and Structures—Application Guide for Design, Installation, Testing, Commissioning, and Maintenance, which is a harmonized Standard jointly developed by IEEE and CSA Group.

Skin effect trace heating systems have been used for a number of years in the industry. Skin effect trace heating of pipelines, vessels, equipment, and structures in petrochemical as well as other industries is a growing portion of total heating requirements because of its advantages in heating long pipelines with temperature control.

This Standard should be used in conjunction with IEEE Std 844.1™/CSA C22.2 No. 293.1, Standard for Skin Effect Trace Heating of Pipelines, Vessels, Equipment, and Structures—General, Testing, Marking, and Documentation Requirements.

Since skin effect trace heating systems are interrelated with electric power, control, and alarm systems, other standards, some of which are listed in Clause 2, should be referred to when using this Standard.

Overview

1.1 General
This standard is divided into seven clauses. Clause 1 provides the scope and purpose. Clause 2 lists references to other standards that are useful in applying this standard. Clause 3 references definitions that are found in IEEE Std 844.1/CSA C22.2 No. 293.1. Clause 4 establishes the design guidelines for skin effect trace heating. Clause 5 provides installation considerations and guidelines. Clause 6 covers field testing, start-up, commissioning, and operation of skin effect trace heating systems. Clause 7 provides maintenance and repair guidelines.

This standard also contains annexes. Annex A provides bibliographical references. Annex B provides pipe heat loss considerations. Annex C provides vessel heat loss considerations. Annex D covers heat-up and cool-down considerations. Annex E provides a method to determine equivalent thicknesses of insulating cements. Annex F provides an example of design input parameters for a skin effect trace heating design. Annex G presents an example of a record for installation requirements. Annex H shows an example of a form that can be used to document the commissioning of the system. Annex I presents an example of a preventive maintenance record.

1.2 Scope
This standard provides for the application of skin effect trace heating systems for pipes, vessels, and structures. It provides recommendations for design, installation, maintenance, and repair of these systems in general industry for ordinary locations, as well as in hazardous areas with potentially explosive atmospheres.

This standard, when used with other recognized codes and standards, is intended to cover skin effect trace heating systems in their entirety, including system design, specifications, installation, operation, testing, commissioning, and maintenance. This standard also addresses the following associated systems that are important to the performance of skin effect trace heating systems:

a) Thermal insulation systems;
b) Electric power supply systems;
c) Electric grounding systems; and
d) Control and monitoring systems.

1.3 Purpose
This standard is intended to aid the user in specifying, installing, operating, testing during commissioning, and maintaining skin effect trace heating systems that

a) Maintain design temperature;
b) Provide electrical, thermal, and mechanical durability and reliability; and
c) Reduce hazards to the user and the surroundings.

Design information, selection parameters, and data in this standard are not intended to provide a complete design primer for skin effect trace heating systems. The information presented provides guidelines for

• Selecting the optimum skin effect trace heating system design;
• Establishing design criteria and constraints for the heated pipeline, vessels, or structures to ensure system compatibility;
• Preparing specifications to obtain quotations for skin effect trace heating systems; and
• Developing information on installation, operation, testing, commissioning, and maintenance of the skin effect trace heating system.

1.4 Terminology
In this standard, shall is used to express a requirement, i.e., a provision that the user is obliged to satisfy in order to comply with the standard; should is used to express a recommendation or that which is advised but not required; and may is used to express an option or that which is permissible within the limits of the standard.

Notes accompanying clauses do not include requirements or alternative requirements; the purpose of a note accompanying a clause is to separate from the text explanatory or informative material.

Notes to tables and figures are considered part of the table or figure and may be written as requirements.

Annexes are designated normative (mandatory) or informative (non-mandatory) to define their application.

This is the first edition of IEEE Std 844.3™/CSA C22.2 No. 293.3, IEEE/CSA Standard for Impedance Heating of Pipelines and Equipment—General, Testing, Marking, and Documentation Requirements, which is a harmonized Standard jointly developed by IEEE and CSA Group. It is one in a series of Standards issued by CSA Group under Part II of the Canadian Electrical Code.

Impedance heating systems have been used for a number of years in the industry. Impedance heating of pipes and equipment in petrochemical as well as other industries is a growing portion of total heating requirements.

This standard should be used in conjunction with IEEE Std 844.4™/CSA C293.4, IEEE/CSA Standard for Impedance Heating of Pipelines and Equipment—Application Guide for Design, Installation, Testing, Commissioning, and Maintenance.

Since impedance heating systems are interrelated with electric power, control, and alarm systems, other standards (some of which are listed in Clause 2) should be referred to when using this standard.

Overview

1.1 General

This standard is divided into seven clauses that cover requirements for impedance heating when installed in ordinary locations as well as in hazardous (classified) locations. Clause 1 provides the scope, purpose, and typical applications. Clause 2 lists normative references to other standards that are indispensable in applying this standard. Clause 3 provides definitions that are not found in other standards or have been modified for use with this standard. Clause 4 establishes general system requirements for impedance heating. Clause 5 provides both type and routine testing requirements for insulated impedance conductors and other impedance system components. Clause 6 covers marking requirements. Clause 7 details additional documentation requirements.

This standard also contains annexes. Annex A provides bibliographical references. Annex B provides requirements for installations that are in explosive atmospheres classified using the Division method of area classification. Annex C provides additional requirements in explosive atmospheres classified using the Zone method of area classification. Annex D covers impedance heating design verification methodologies. Annex E provides reference tables associated with insulated impedance conductor testing in Clause 5. Annex F provides the formula for calculating insulation resistance. Annex G provides alternative national markings.

1.2 Scope

This standard applies to general, testing, marking, and documentation requirements for impedance heating systems for steel or steel alloy pipe or equipment, rated up to and including 132 Vac. These heating system components are intended for installation in accordance with CSA C22.1, Canadian Electrical Code, Part I (CE Code); NFPA 70, National Electrical Code® (NEC®) in the USA; or with any other national electrical installation code, as applicable.

This standard applies to impedance heating systems that are intended to be installed in ordinary and hazardous locations. The hazardous location installations are limited to 30 Vac and include the following:

– In Canada: Zone 2; Zone 22; or Class I, Division 2; Class II, Division 2; Class III, Division 2 as described in CSA C22.1; and

– In the USA: Class I, Zone 2; Zone 22; or Class I, Division 2; Class II, Division 2; Class III, Division 2 as described in the NEC.

This standard also applies to power connection points and control methods used with impedance heating systems.

NOTE 1— Requirements for certification of insulated impedance conductors with insulation temperature ratings above 105 °C may be considered under a special investigation by an accredited certification body.

NOTE 2— Information on isolation transformers, power distribution, and control components can be found in IEEE Std

844.4/CSA C293.

1.3 Purpose

This standard provides testing, marking, design, and documentation requirements for impedance heating system components. Impedance heating systems that follow the component requirements as outlined here are intended to:

a) Maintain design temperature; and

b) Provide electrical, thermal, and mechanical durability and reliability.

1.4 Typical applications

1.4.1 General

Impedance heating systems provide heating for pipes and equipment in order to maintain or raise the temperature in the following typical applications.

1.4.2 Solidification prevention

Systems can be used to prevent the fluid in a pipe or equipment from solidifying. These include water, aqueous solutions, crude oil, pitch, asphalt, metals, sulfur, and other chemicals. The heating system compensates for pipe heat losses in order to maintain the temperature of the contents above the solidification point.

1.4.3 Viscosity maintenance

Systems can be used to maintain viscosity of a fluid in a pipe or equipment. Viscous materials such as heavy fuel and crude oil are generally heated to achieve optimum pump efficiency and pipe sizes. Usually these materials are preheated to a temperature that provides the desired viscosity and pumped to their destination through heated pipes designed to maintain that temperature.

1.4.4 Process heating

Systems can be used to maintain the temperature of fluids when process parameters require it. Systems can also be used to raise the temperature of process fluids flowing in the pipe or equipment, but they require increased heat input capacity.

1.4.5 Condensation prevention

Systems can be used to prevent gaseous materials from condensing. Some gases condense at low temperature and require heating to maintain their gaseous state during transportation. If pressure is significantly reduced during gas flow, such as through a valve, increased heat input capacity might also be required.

1.4.6 Re-melting solidified fluids

Systems can be used to re-melt solidified fluids. Some heating applications do not require heat during pumping, but only supply heat to re-melt pipe contents and bring them up to temperature prior to pumping. A typical example is an infrequently used loading or unloading pipeline.

1.4.7 Terminology

In this standard, shall is used to express a requirement, i.e., a provision that the user is obliged to satisfy in order to comply with the standard; should is used to express a recommendation or that which is advised but not required; and may is used to express an option or that which is permissible within the limits of the standard.

Notes accompanying clauses do not include requirements or alternative requirements; the purpose of a note accompanying a clause is to separate from the text explanatory or informative material.

Notes to tables and figures are considered part of the table or figure and may be written as requirements.

Annexes are designated normative (mandatory) or informative (non-mandatory) to define their application.

This is the first edition of IEEE Std 844.1™/CSA C22.2 No. 293.1, Standard for Skin Effect Trace Heating of Pipelines, Vessels, Equipment, and Structures—General, Testing, Marking, and Documentation Requirements, which is a harmonized Standard jointly developed by IEEE and CSA Group. It is one in a series of Standards issued by CSA Group under Part II of the Canadian Electrical Code.

Skin effect trace heating systems have been used for a number of years in the industry. Skin effect trace heating of pipelines, vessels, equipment, and structures in petrochemical as well as other industries is a growing portion of total heating requirements because of its advantages in heating long pipelines with temperature control.

This Standard should be used in conjunction with IEEE Std 844.2™/CSA C293.2, Standard for Skin Effect Trace Heating of Pipelines, Vessels, Equipment, and Structures—Application Guide for Design, Installation, Testing, Commissioning, and Maintenance.

Since skin effect trace heating systems are interrelated with electric power, control, and alarm systems, other standards, some of which are listed in Clause 2, should be referred to when using this Standard.

Overview

1.1 General
This standard is divided into seven clauses that cover requirements for skin effect trace heating when installed in ordinary locations as well as in hazardous (classified) locations. Clause 1 provides the scope, purpose, and typical applications. Clause 2 lists normative references to other standards that are indispensable in applying this standard. Clause 3 provides definitions that are either not found in other standards or have been modified for use with this standard. Clause 4 establishes general system requirements for skin effect trace heating. Clause 5 provides both type and routine testing requirements for skin effect insulated conductors and other skin effect system components. Clause 6 covers marking requirements. Clause 7 details additional documentation requirements.

This standard also contains annexes. Annex A provides bibliographical references. Annex B provides additional requirements for installations that are in explosive atmospheres classified using the Division method of area classification. Annex C provides additional requirements in explosive areas classified using the Zone method of area classification. Annex D covers skin effect trace heating design verification methodologies.

1.2 Scope
This standard applies to general, testing, marking, and documentation requirements for skin effect trace heating systems rated up to and including 5 kVac and 260 °C maximum skin effect insulated conductor temperature. These heating systems are intended for installation in accordance with the CSA C22.1, Canadian Electrical Code, Part I (CE Code); NFPA 70, National Electrical Code® (NEC®) in the USA; or with any other national electrical installation code, as applicable.

This standard applies to skin effect trace heating systems intended to be installed in ordinary and hazardous locations. The hazardous locations include the following:

• In Canada: Zone 1; Zone 2; Zone 21; Zone 22; or Class I, Division 2; Class II, Division 2; Class III, Division 2 as described in CSA C22.1.
• In the USA: Class I, Zone 1; Class I, Zone 2; Zone 21 and Zone 22; or Class I, Division 2; Class II, Division 2; Class III, Division 2 as described in the NEC.

This standard also applies to termination assemblies and control methods used with skin effect trace heating systems.

NOTE 1: Requirements for certification at voltages above 5 kVac or skin effect insulated conductor insulation temperatures above 260 °C may be considered under a special investigation by an accredited certification body.

NOTE 2: Information on transformer, power distribution, and controls components can be found in IEEE Std 844.2/CSA C293.2.

This is the third edition of CSA/ANSI Z83.26 • CSA 2.37, Gas-fired outdoor infrared patio heaters. It supersedes the previous editions published in 2014 and 2007.

The third edition of this Standard has been updated to reflect current industry practice and address CSA Group’s guide on drafting Standards. Major changes to this edition include the following:

a) Replace references to liquefied petroleum (LP) gas with propane to clarify that other forms of LP gas are not intended to be used.

b) Increase in maximum input rating to 24 000 Btu/hr.

c) Distinction between a tabletop heater and a patio heater not for tabletop use.

d) New Annex D, which permits manufacturers to offer gas field conversion kits for heaters using both natural and propane gas.

e) New Annex E, which addresses installations at altitudes over 2000 ft (610 m).

f) Existing coverage from ANSI Z21.103 added to address appliances using two one-pound cylinders with CGA 600 connectors.

g) Existing coverage from CSA/ANSI Z21.10.1 • CSA 4.1 added to allow the use of two automatic gas valves to be used in a series to control the main burner gas instead of a single manual valve.

h) Existing coverage from ANSI Z21.58 • CSA 1.6 added and adapted to address failure of the products to function under wind conditions.

This Standard has been developed in compliance with Standards Council of Canada requirements for National Standards of Canada. It has been published as a National Standard of Canada by CSA Group.

This Standard has been approved by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) as an American National Standard.

Scope

1.1

This Standard applies to newly produced gas-fired outdoor infrared patio heaters (see Clause 3) hereinafter referred to as heaters or appliances, constructed entirely of new, unused parts and materials for use with:

a) natural gas; or

b) propane.

1.2

The heaters covered by this Standard are intended for installation in and heating of residential or nonresidential spaces.

1.3

Infrared patio heaters may be suspended overhead, angle-mounted overhead, wall-mounted, floor-mounted or for tabletop use.

1.4

Patio heaters intended for tabletop use are those limited to input ratings of 24 000 Btu/hr (7034 W) or less. These units incorporate an integral self-contained propane gas supply system consisting of a maximum of two disposable 1 lb (0.45 kg) fuel capacity cylinders and operating at pressures not greater than 5 psi (34.5 kPa).

1.5

Infrared patio heaters not intended for tabletop use may be for connection to a) a fixed fuel piping system operating at inlet gas pressures not exceeding 1/2 psi (3.5kPa); or b) an integral self-contained propane gas supply system, provided the appliance incorporates mounting means for the attachment of a maximum of one cylinder limited to a maximum of 20 lb (9.1 kg) of fuel operating at regulated outlet with

i) pressure not exceeding 11 in wc (2.74 kPa); or

ii) pressures in excess of 11 in wc (2.74 kPa) but not greater than 5 psi (34.5 kPa).

1.6

Clause 2 contains a list of standards specifically referenced in this Standard and sources from which these reference standards may be obtained.

1.7

Special construction provisions applicable to an appliance designed for use with an optional listed conversion kit are outlined under Annex D.

1.8

Special construction provisions applicable to infrared heaters designed to operate at altitudes over 2000 ft (610 m) are outlined in Annex E.

1.9

If a value for measurement as given in this Standard is followed by an equivalent value in other units, the first stated value is to be regarded as the specification.

This Standard contains SI (Metric) equivalents to the yard/pound quantities, the purpose being to allow the standard to be used in SI (Metric) units. (IEEE/ASTM-SI-10 is used as a guide in making metric conversion from yard/pound quantities.) If a value is given for a measurement and an equivalent value in other units, the first stated is to be regarded as the requirement. The given equivalent value may be approximate. If a value for a measurement and an equivalent value in other units are both specified as a quoted marking requirement, the first stated unit, or both shall be provided.

1.10

In this Standard, shall is used to express a requirement, i.e., a provision that the user shall satisfy in order to comply with the standard; should is used to express a recommendation or that which is advised but not required; and may is used to express an option or that which is permissible within the limits of the standard.

Notes accompanying clauses do not include requirements or alternative requirements; the purpose of a note accompanying a clause is to separate from the text explanatory or informative material.

Notes to tables and figures are considered part of the table or figure and may be written as requirements.

Annexes are designated normative (mandatory) or informative (non-mandatory) to define their application.

This is the harmonized CSA Group and UL standard for Commercial Dishwashers. It is the Third edition of CSA/ANSI Z83.21 • CSA C22.2 No. 168, and the Eighth edition of UL 921. This edition of CSA/ANSI Z83.21 • CSA C22.2 No. 168 supersedes the previous editions published in 2005 and 2016. This edition of UL 921 supersedes the previous edition published in 2016.

Scope

1.1

This Standard covers commercial, freestanding, under-counter, and counter-insert dishwashers, utensil-washers, and glass washers using water as the principal cleaning medium, hereafter referred to as dishwashers. These dishwashers utilize steam, gas, or electric heaters for heating the water. Heated water is provided to a dishwasher by means of steam, gas, or electric heating systems integral to the appliance, or by means not integral to the dishwasher that is provided at the installation site.

1.2

This Standard is not intended to be used to evaluate the gas-fired water heating portions of the system that incorporate water containment vessels operating above atmospheric pressure.

For dishwashers that incorporate a gas-fired water heater with a pressurized water containment vessel operating above atmospheric pressure, the water heater portion of the system is covered by the requirements of ANSI Z21.10.3/CSA 4.3.

1.3

This Standard covers:

a) electric dishwashers rated 600 V or less, installed in accordance with the Canadian Electrical Code (CEC), Part I , CSA C22.1, and the National Electrical Code (NEC), NFPA 70; and

b) the gas-handling, gas-burning, and gas-control features of gas-fired dishwashers having inputs of 420 MJ (400,000 Btu per hour or less, limited to 3.45 kPa (0.5 psig) inlet pressure, installed in accordance with the National Fuel Gas Code, ANSI Z223.1/NFPA 54, the International Fuel Gas Code, ICC IFGC, or the Natural Gas and Propane Installation Code, CSA B149.1 for use with:

1) natural gas;

2) manufactured gas;

3) mixed gas;

4) propane gas;

5) liquefied petroleum gases; or

6) LP gas-air mixtures.

1.4

These requirements cover dishwashers intended for use in commercial establishments, such as kitchens of restaurants and hospitals, where they are not intended to be accessible to the public.

This is the third edition of CSA/ANSI Z21.90 • CSA 6.24, Gas Convenience Outlets and Optional Enclosures. It supersedes the previous editions published in 2015 and 2001.

The third edition of this Standard has been updated to reflect current industry practice, and address CSA Group’s guide on drafting Standards. Major changes to this edition include the following:

a) Clause 4.1.8 has been added for cleaner installation closer to a gas appliance so connections will not be a tripping hazard in patio applications;

b) a reference has been included to the International Fuel Gas Code (IFGC) where the National Fuel Gas Code is referenced within the Standard;

c) the Instructions section has been updated to remove the mandate of including the certification body in the instructions;

d) materials permitted within the Marking section have been clarified; and

e) a method of test has been included for impact strength, corrosion resistance, strength, and load.

Scope

1.1

This Standard applies to gas convenience outlets, hereinafter referred to as gas outlets and optional enclosures, not to exceed 1-1/2 in (38.1 mm) and pressures not to exceed 5 psi (34.5 kPa), capable of operation at temperatures between 32 °F and 200 °F (0 °C and 93.3 °C) if intended for indoor use only, or between –20 °F and 200 °F (–28.8 °C and 93.3 °C) if intended for indoor/outdoor use. Indoor/outdoor use is also to be capable of operation at –40 °F (–40 °C) when so specified by the manufacturer.

1.2

This Standard sets forth the minimum capabilities, characteristics, and properties that a gas outlet and optional enclosure must possess, at the time of manufacture, in order to be considered suitable for use in a gas piping system. Details of design and manufacture not stated in these requirements, including such design and production tests that will produce gas outlets that meet these requirements, remain the responsibility of the manufacturer.

1.3

All references to pressure throughout this Standard are to be considered gauge pressure, unless otherwise specified.

1.4

This Standard contains SI (Metric) units corresponding to the yard/pound quantities, the purpose being to allow the standard to be used in SI (Metric) units. (IEEE/ASTM SI 10 or ISO 80000-1 is used as a guide in making metric conversion from yard/pound quantities.) If a value for a measurement and a corresponding value in other units are stated, the first stated value is to be regarded as the requirement. The given corresponding value may be approximate. If a value for a measurement and a corresponding value in other units are both specified as a quoted marking requirement, the first stated unit, or both, are to be provided.

1.5

In this Standard, shall is used to express a requirement, i.e., a provision that the user is obliged to satisfy in order to comply with the Standard; should is used to express a recommendation or that which is advised but not required; and may is used to express an option or that which is permissible within the limits of the Standard.

Notes accompanying clauses do not include requirements or alternative requirements; the purpose of a note accompanying a clause is to separate from the text explanatory or informative material.

Notes to tables and figures are considered part of the table or figure and may be written as requirements.

Annexes are designated normative (mandatory) or informative (non-mandatory) to define their application.

This is the fourth edition of CSA/ANSI Z21.91, Ventless firebox enclosures for gas-fired unvented gas log type room heaters. It supersedes the previous editions published in 2017, 2007, and 2001.

Scope

1.1

This Standard applies to newly produced ventless firebox enclosures (see Clause 3, Definitions), herein after referred to as fireboxes, for unvented gas log type room heaters.

1.2

Fireboxes covered by this Standard are intended for use with unvented room heaters that comply with ANSI Z21.11.2 for installation in solid fuel-burning fireplaces.

1.3

If a value for measurement as given in this Standard is followed by an equivalent value in other units, the first stated value is to be regarded as the specification.

1.4

All references to psi throughout this Standard are to be considered gauge pressures, unless otherwise specified.

1.5

In this Standard, shall is used to express a requirement, i.e., a provision that the user is obliged to satisfy in order to comply with the standard; should is used to express a recommendation or that which is advised but not required; and may is used to express an option or that which is permissible within the limits of the Standard.

Notes accompanying clauses do not include requirements or alternative requirements; the purpose of a note accompanying a clause is to separate from the text explanatory or informative material.

Notes to tables and figures are considered part of the table or figure and may be written as requirements.

Annexes are designated normative (mandatory) or informative (nonmandatory) to define their application.

This is the second edition of CSA/ANSI Z21.96 • CSA 11.6, Portable waters heaters for outdoor use. It supersedes the previous edition published in 2014.

The second edition of this Standard has been updated to reflect current industry practice, and address CSA Group’s guide on drafting Standards. Major changes to this edition include the following:

a) increased maximum input limit for portable water heaters;

b) addition of input limit for manual (direct) lighting that aligns with this Standard;

c) unified marking requirements for recreational camping equipment standards;

d) addition of requirement for appliances operating in low-temperature environments;

e) alignment of verbiage with the National Fuel Gas Code (see Clause 11.1.2);

f) clarification under burner operating characteristics that flames are not to flash outside the confines of the appliance; and removal of obsolete wire types.

This Standard has been developed in compliance with Standards Council of Canada requirements for National Standards of Canada. It has been published as a National Standard of Canada by CSA Group.

This Standard has been approved by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) as an American National Standard.

Scope

1.1

This Standard applies to portable type gas water heaters (herein after referred to as appliance or water heater) for use with propane, butane, or liquefied petroleum gases and mixtures thereof having:

a) a regulated pressure;

b) a non-regulated pressure.

1.2

Portable type water heaters and components employing materials or having forms of construction differing from those detailed in these provisions may be examined and tested according to the intent of the provisions, and if found to be satisfactorily equivalent, may be given recognition.

1.3

This Standard applies to portable water heater constructed entirely of new, unused parts.

1.4

All references to psi throughout this Standard are to be considered gauge pressures unless otherwise specified.

1.5

All accessories recommended by the manufacturer for use with appliances certified to this Standard are to be supplied and with the appliance.

1.6

A portable water heater is:

a) for point of use (dishwashing, washing, showering, etc.) supply of either potable or non-potable hot water;

b) not for permanent connection to inlet or outlet water lines;

c) only intended for use outdoors and no connections may be provided for venting of combustion products via a chimney or vent system.

1.7

The water heater may be:

a) tank type;

b) automatic storage type;

c) water-tube type;

d) instantaneous type; or

e) multifunction design such as an instantaneous-tube type (see Clause 3Definitions).

1.8

Portable water heaters are limited to a maximum input of 75,000 BTU/hr (21 980 W).

1.9

Annex A, Items Unique to the United States, contains provisions that are unique to the United States.

1.10

Annex B, Items Unique to Canada, contains provisions that are unique to Canada.

1.11

Clause 2, Reference publications, contains a list of standards specifically referenced in this Standard, and sources from which they may be obtained.

1.12

This Standard contains SI (Metric) equivalents to the yard/pound quantities, the purpose being to allow the Standard to be used in SI (Metric) units. (IEEE/ASTM SI 10, American National Standard for Metric Practice, or ISO 80000-1:2009, Quantities and units — Part 1: General, is used as a guide in making metric conversion from yard/pound quantities.) If a value for a measurement and a corresponding value in other units are stated, the first stated value is to be regarded as the requirement. The given corresponding value may be approximate. If a value for a measurement and a corresponding value in other units are both specified as a quoted marking requirement, the first stated unit, or both shall be provided.

1.13

In this Standard, shall is used to express a requirement, i.e., a provision that the user is obliged to satisfy in order to comply with the standard; should is used to express a recommendation or that which is advised but not required; and may is used to express an option or that which is permissible within the limits of the standard.

Notes accompanying clauses do not include requirements or alternative requirements; the purpose of a note accompanying a clause is to separate from the text explanatory or informative material.

Notes to tables and figures are considered part of the table or figure and may be written as requirements.

Annexes are designated normative (mandatory) or informative (non-mandatory) to define their application.

This is the fourth edition of CSA/ANSI Z21.80 • CSA 6.22, Line pressure regulators. It supersedes the previous editions published in 2011, 2003, and 1997.

This Standard has been developed in compliance with Standards Council of Canada requirements for National Standards of Canada. It has been published as a National Standard of Canada by CSA Group.

Scope

1.1

This Standard applies to line pressure regulators (see Clause 3, Definitions), constructed entirely of new, unused parts and materials, hereinafter referred to as regulator(s), either individual or in combination with overpressure protection devices, hereinafter referred to as device(s), intended for application in gas piping systems between the service regulator, or LP-gas 2 psi (13.8 kPa) service regulator, and the gas utilization equipment.

1.2

This Standard applies to regulators for operation with natural, manufactured and mixed gases, liquefied petroleum gases, and LP gas-air mixtures.

1.3

This Standard applies to regulators classified in accordance with their intended application with reference to inlet and outlet pressures.

1.4

The tests specified herein are conducted at a room temperature of 77 ± 10 °F (25 ± 5.5 °C). Regulators and vent limiters complying with the provisions of this Standard are considered as having an operating temperature range of 32 °F (0 °C) to 125 °F (51.5 °C). At the option of the manufacturer, a greater operating temperature range may be specified, in which case additional tests as outlined in Clause 5.4, Leakage, and Clause 5.10, Continued operation, will be conducted.

1.5

If a value for measurement as given in this Standard is followed by an equivalent value in other units, the first stated value is to be regarded as the specification.

1.6

All references to psi throughout this Standard are to be considered gauge pressures unless otherwise specified.

1.7

Clause 2, Reference publications, contains a list of standards specifically referenced in this Standard.

1.8

Clause 8, Items unique to Canada, contains provisions that are unique to Canada.

1.9

In this Standard, shall is used to express a requirement, i.e., a provision that the user is obliged to satisfy in order to comply with the standard; should is used to express a recommendation or that which is advised but not required; and may is used to express an option or that which is permissible within the limits of the Standard.

Notes accompanying clauses do not include requirements or alternative requirements; the purpose of a note accompanying a clause is to separate from the text explanatory or informative material.

Notes to tables and figures are considered part of the table or figure and may be written as requirements.

Annexes are designed normative (mandatory) or informative (non-mandatory) to define their application.