{"id":222851,"date":"2024-10-19T14:28:14","date_gmt":"2024-10-19T14:28:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/product\/uncategorized\/bs-55342014a22018\/"},"modified":"2024-10-25T08:06:59","modified_gmt":"2024-10-25T08:06:59","slug":"bs-55342014a22018","status":"publish","type":"product","link":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/product\/publishers\/bsi\/bs-55342014a22018\/","title":{"rendered":"BS 5534:2014+A2:2018"},"content":{"rendered":"

This British Standard gives recommendations primarily intended for the design, performance and installation of new build pitched roofs, including vertical cladding, and for normal re-roofing work, including repairs, using slates, tiles, shingles and shakes and their associated components. This British Standard does not cover the structural design of the roof.<\/p>\n

The recommendations contained in this British Standard might not be appropriate for the re-slating or re-tiling of some old roofs, particularly where traditional and\/or reclaimed materials are used. Users intending to adopt any of these recommendations for old roofs, and especially for historically or architecturally important buildings, are advised to consult with the local planning authority or an appropriate conservation organization to check their suitability.<\/p>\n

This British Standard is intended for use by designers, manufacturers and installers of roofing products.<\/p>\n

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NOTE 1 Recommendations for workmanship, repair and maintenance are given in BS 8000\u20110 and BS 8000\u20116.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

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NOTE 2 A Code of Practice for slating historic buildings is in preparation by Historic England 2<\/sup>.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

Historic England \u2013 \/2 (last viewed 30 January 2018).<\/p>\n

PDF Catalog<\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
PDF Pages<\/th>\nPDF Title<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
7<\/td>\nForeword <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
9<\/td>\n1 Scope
2 Normative references <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
12<\/td>\n3 Terms, definitions and symbols <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
20<\/td>\n4 Materials, fittings and accessories
4.1 Clay tiles and fittings (single-lap and double-lap)
4.2 Concrete tiles and fittings (single-lap and double-lap)
4.3 Fibre-cement slates and fittings
4.4 Natural slates and fittings
4.5 Bitumen shingles
4.6 Proprietary products
4.7 Wooden shingles and shakes
4.8 Metal tiles <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
21<\/td>\n4.9 Roofing underlay <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
23<\/td>\n4.10 Board and sheet sarking
Table 1 \u2014 Material specifications for board and sheet sarking
Table 2 \u2014 Material specifications for insulated board sarking <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
24<\/td>\n4.11 Timber battens and counterbattens <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
25<\/td>\nTable 3 \u2014 Minimum timber batten sizes (roofing and vertical work) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
27<\/td>\n4.12 Mechanical fixings <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
28<\/td>\nTable 4 \u2014 Dimensions of drive-in slate hooks <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
29<\/td>\nFigure 1 \u2014 Drive-in slate hook dimensions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
30<\/td>\n4.13 Flashings and junctions
4.14 Mortar
Table 5 \u2014 Materials for flashings and junctions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
31<\/td>\nTable 6 \u2014 Recommended standard mortar mixes for slating and tiling (all proportions by volume)
4.15 Other fittings and accessories <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
35<\/td>\n5 Design criteria
5.1 General
5.2 Structural stability <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
37<\/td>\n5.3 Resistance to wind uplift <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
41<\/td>\nTable 7 \u2014 Minimum spacing of nails and screws <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
42<\/td>\n5.4 Rain and snow resistance <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
43<\/td>\nFigure 2 \u2014 UK map of categories of exposure to driving rain <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
44<\/td>\nFigure 3 \u2014 Laps for centre-nailed, head-fixed and shoulder-fixed double-lap slates <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
45<\/td>\nFigure 4 \u2014 Lap and pitch of slates in double-lap slating <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
46<\/td>\nFigure 5 \u2014 Lap and pitch of tiles in double-lap plain tiles <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
47<\/td>\nFigure 6 \u2014 Lap and pitch of tiles in single-lap tiles <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
50<\/td>\n5.5 Minimum pitch, head-laps and side-laps for roofs <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
52<\/td>\nTable 8 \u2014 Values of c for head-lap calculations for double-lap fibre-cement and natural slates, nail-fixed or hook-fixed
Table 9 \u2014 Minimum head-laps and E1 factors for double-lap fibre-cement and natural slates, pegged, nailed or hook-fixed A), B), C), D), E) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
56<\/td>\n5.6 Minimum head-laps, side-laps and overlaps for walls (75\u00b0 pitch and above)
5.7 Aesthetics <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
57<\/td>\n5.8 Durability <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
60<\/td>\n5.9 Hygrothermal factors <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
61<\/td>\n5.10 Fire <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
62<\/td>\n5.11 Sound <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
63<\/td>\n5.12 Sustainability
6 Application and installation details
6.1 General
6.2 Underlays
Table 10 \u2014 Unsealedhead-laps for underlay <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
66<\/td>\n6.3 Battens, counterbattens and sarking boards <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
68<\/td>\n6.4 Double-lap clay and concrete plain tiles <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
72<\/td>\n6.5 Single-lap clay and concrete interlocking tiles <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
76<\/td>\n6.6 Fibre-cement slates <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
80<\/td>\n6.7 Natural slates <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
84<\/td>\n6.8 Bitumen shingles <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
85<\/td>\n6.9 Metal tiles <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
86<\/td>\n6.10 Wooden shingles and shakes
6.11 Other tiles and artificial slates (non-traditional) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
87<\/td>\n6.12 Vertical (75\u00b0 or steeper) slating, tiling and shingling <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
88<\/td>\n6.13 Roof drainage, flashings and weatherings <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
89<\/td>\nFigure 7 \u2014 Valley gutter with unbedded and bedded tiles or slates
Table 11 \u2014 Minimum widths of valley gutter for different roof pitches and plan areas
Table 12 \u2014 Minimum width of lead to line valley gutters for different roof pitches and plan areas <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
90<\/td>\n6.14 Workmanship, repairs and maintenance <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
92<\/td>\nAnnex A (normative)\u2002 Method of test and verification of suitability of roof underlays for wind uplift resistance <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
93<\/td>\nFigure A.1 \u2014 Layout of test assembly <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
94<\/td>\nFigure A.2 \u2014 Cross-section of test assembly (shown with uplift pressure applied) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
95<\/td>\nFigure A.3 \u2014 Locations of nails for nailing overlap to rafter <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
98<\/td>\nFigure A.4 \u2014 Design wind pressures for geographical wind zones in the UK for underlays used for specific applications conforming to conditions in A.7
Figure A.5 \u2014 Illustration of a zonal-classification label for an underlay <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
99<\/td>\nAnnex B (normative)\u2002 Design and installation of pitched roof systems where insulation is placed at rafter level <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
102<\/td>\nFigure B.1 \u2014 Force diagram of vectored load down a roof slope <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
103<\/td>\nFigure B.2 \u2014 Bending stress in a fixing through rigid insulation
Figure B.3 \u2014 Bending moment diagram of a fixing through rigid insulation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
104<\/td>\nFigure B.4 \u2014 Deflection diagram of a fixing through rigid insulation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
106<\/td>\nAnnex C (normative)\u2002 Reinforced bitumen underlays
Table C.1 \u2014 Recommendations for mass per unit area of constituent materials <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
107<\/td>\nAnnex D (normative)\u2002 Permissible characteristics and defects for grading timber battens Text deleted <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
108<\/td>\nFigure D.1 \u2014 Examples of knot configurations
Figure D.2 \u2014 Permissible wane <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
109<\/td>\nFigure D.3 \u2014 Permissible depth of fissures
Figure D.4 \u2014 Permissible slope of grain
Figure D.5 \u2014 Permissible rate of growth <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
111<\/td>\nFigure D.6 \u2014 Measurement of distortion
Annex E (normative)\u2002 Preservative treatment for timber battens <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
112<\/td>\nAnnex F (normative)\u2002 Determination of batten sizes by calculation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
113<\/td>\nTable F.1 \u2014 GS grade bending stresses and moduli for batten timber species <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
114<\/td>\nAnnex G (informative)\u2002 Examples of structural design calculations for tiling battens
Figure G.1 \u2014 Loads and bending moments on roof battens <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
119<\/td>\nAnnex H (normative)\u2002 Formulae and the calculation of wind loads on the underlay, sarking boards, slates, tiles, ridges, hips and valleys <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
120<\/td>\nTable H.1 \u2014 Net uplift coefficient, cp,net, for single-lap tiles and double-lap slates
Table H.2 \u2014 Net uplift coefficient, cp,net, for plain tiles
Table H.3 \u2014 Summarized values of external pressure coefficient, cpe <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
121<\/td>\nFigure H.1 \u2014 Key for cp,net data for duopitch and hipped roofs <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
122<\/td>\nFigure H.2 \u2014 Key for cp,net data for monopitch roofs <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
123<\/td>\nTable H.4 \u2014 Values of roof substrate shielding factor, S <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
124<\/td>\nFigure H.3 \u2014 Wind uplift loading on single-lap tiles, including where the eaves overhang exceeds 60 mm <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
125<\/td>\nFigure H.4 \u2014 Wind uplift loading on double-lap slates or tiles, including where the eaves overhang exceeds 60 mm <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
126<\/td>\nFigure H.5 \u2014 Wind uplift loading on single-lap tiles where the verge overhang exceeds 60 mm <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
127<\/td>\nFigure H.6 \u2014 Distances around obstructions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
129<\/td>\nFigure H.7 \u2014 Wind uplift loading on ridges and hips <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
132<\/td>\nTable H.5 \u2014 Design ultimate withdrawal resistance against wind loading for nails A)
Table H.6 \u2014 Design ultimate withdrawal resistance against wind loading for screws A) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
133<\/td>\nTable H.7 \u2014 Values of Kn for tiles <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
134<\/td>\nTable H.8 \u2014 Wind uplift resistance of twice nailed plain tiles <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
135<\/td>\nAnnex I (normative)\u2002 Method of test for tile clip strength and calculation of wind uplift resistance for clipped single-lap tiles <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
136<\/td>\nExample of an arrangement of the test apparatus for determination of clip strength for single-lap tiles <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
137<\/td>\nExample of a hinged batten for supporting a clipped test tile <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
138<\/td>\nFigure I.3 \u2014 Tiles laid in straight bond <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
139<\/td>\nFigure I.4 \u2014 Tiles laid in broken (half) bond <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
141<\/td>\nTable I.1 \u2014 Values of kn for single-lap tile fasteners <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
144<\/td>\nSystem of forces in an array of clipped tiles under uplift load <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
145<\/td>\nAnnex J (normative)\u2002 Method of test and calculation for wind uplift resistance of drive-in hook fixings for double-lap slates <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
146<\/td>\nFigure J.1 \u2014 Example of an arrangement of the test apparatus for determination of drive-in hook fixing strength for double-lap slates <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
148<\/td>\nTable J.1 \u2014 Values of kn for drive-in slate hooks <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
150<\/td>\nAnnex K (informative)\u2002 Worked examples of wind uplift and fixing calculations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
151<\/td>\nFigure K.1 \u2014 Dimensions and forces acting on a single-lap tile <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
155<\/td>\nFigure K.2 \u2014 Dimensions and forces acting on a plain tile <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
156<\/td>\nTable K.1 \u2014 Wind uplift resistance of twice nailed plain tiles fixed in various patterns assuming aluminium nails meeting the recommendations of <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
157<\/td>\nTable K.2 \u2014 Wind uplift resistance of twice nailed plain tiles fixed in various patterns assuming stainless steel nails meeting the recommendations of <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
162<\/td>\nFigure K.3 \u2014 Dimensions and forces on centre-nailed double-lap slating with an example of drive-in slate hook arrangement <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
165<\/td>\nAnnex L (normative)\u2002 Method of test for air permeability of unsealed small element roofing assemblies <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
166<\/td>\nFigure L.1 \u2014 Arrangement of apparatus <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
167<\/td>\nTable L.1 \u2014 Arrangement of unsealed elements
Figure L.2 \u2014 Plenum chamber arrangement for air permeability test <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
170<\/td>\nBibliography <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Slating and tiling for pitched roofs and vertical cladding. Code of practice<\/b><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
Published By<\/td>\nPublication Date<\/td>\nNumber of Pages<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
BSI<\/b><\/a><\/td>\n2018<\/td>\n176<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":222855,"template":"","meta":{"rank_math_lock_modified_date":false,"ep_exclude_from_search":false},"product_cat":[1237,2641],"product_tag":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-222851","1":"product","2":"type-product","3":"status-publish","4":"has-post-thumbnail","6":"product_cat-91-060-20","7":"product_cat-bsi","9":"first","10":"instock","11":"sold-individually","12":"shipping-taxable","13":"purchasable","14":"product-type-simple"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product\/222851","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/product"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/222855"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=222851"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"product_cat","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_cat?post=222851"},{"taxonomy":"product_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_tag?post=222851"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}