IEC 61400-12-3:2022 specifies a measurement and analysis procedure for deriving the wind speed correction due to terrain effects and applies to the performance testing of wind turbines of all types and sizes connected to the electrical power network as described in IEC 61400\u201112\u20111. The procedure applies to the performance evaluation of specific wind turbines at specific locations. The purpose of this part of IEC 61400 is to provide a uniform methodology that will ensure consistency, accuracy and reproducibility in the measurement and analysis of a site calibration for use in the determination of the power performance of wind turbines. This document provides guidance in the measurement, analysis, and reporting of the site calibration for subsequent use in power performance testing for wind turbines. This first edition of IEC 61400-12-3 is part of a structural revision that cancels and replaces the performance standards IEC 61400-12-1:2017 and IEC 61400-12-2:2013. The structural revision contains no technical changes with respect to IEC 61400-12-1:2017 and IEC 61400\u201112\u20112:2013, but the parts that relate to wind measurements, measurement of site calibration and assessment of obstacle and terrain have been extracted into separate standards.<\/p>\n
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| 2<\/td>\n | undefined <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 7<\/td>\n | Annex ZA (normative)Normative references to international publicationswith their corresponding European publications <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 8<\/td>\n | English CONTENTS <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 11<\/td>\n | FOREWORD <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 13<\/td>\n | INTRODUCTION <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 14<\/td>\n | 1 Scope 2 Normative references 3 Terms and definitions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 16<\/td>\n | 4 Symbols, units and abbreviated terms <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 18<\/td>\n | 5 General <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 19<\/td>\n | 6 Overview of the procedure Figures Figure 1 \u2013 Site calibration flow chart <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 20<\/td>\n | 7 Test set-up 7.1 Considerations for selection of the test wind turbine and location of the meteorological mast 7.1.1 General 7.1.2 Type A: 7.1.3 Type B: <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 21<\/td>\n | 7.1.4 Type C: 7.2 Instrumentation Figure 2 \u2013 Terrain types <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 22<\/td>\n | 8 Data acquisition and rejection criteria <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 23<\/td>\n | 9 Analysis 9.1 General 9.2 Assessment of site shear conditions 9.2.1 Shear calculations and characterisation plots 9.2.2 Assess significance of shear <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 24<\/td>\n | 9.2.3 Establish correlation of shear between locations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 25<\/td>\n | 9.3 Method 1: Bins of wind direction and wind shear 9.4 Method 2: Linear regression method where wind shear is not a significant influence <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 26<\/td>\n | 9.5 Additional calculations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 27<\/td>\n | 10 Site calibration uncertainty 10.1 Site calibration category A uncertainty 10.1.1 Site calibration K-fold analysis <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 28<\/td>\n | 10.1.2 Site calibration statistical uncertainty for each fold <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 29<\/td>\n | 10.2 Site calibration category B uncertainty 10.2.1 General 10.2.2 Anemometer \u2013 Pre-calibration 10.2.3 Anemometer \u2013 Post-calibration 10.2.4 Anemometer \u2013 Classification <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 30<\/td>\n | 10.2.5 Anemometer \u2013 Mounting 10.2.6 Anemometer \u2013 Data acquisition <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 31<\/td>\n | 10.2.7 Anemometer \u2013 Lightning finial 10.3 Combining uncertainties in the wind speed measurement from flow distortion due to site calibration uVT,i <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 32<\/td>\n | 10.4 Combined uncertainty 11 Quality checks and additional uncertainties 11.1 Convergence check 11.2 Correlation check for linear regression (see 9.4) 11.3 Change in correction between adjacent wind direction bins 11.3.1 General <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 33<\/td>\n | 11.3.2 Removal of the wind direction sensor between site calibration and power performance test <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 34<\/td>\n | 11.4 Site calibration and power performance measurements in different seasons <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 35<\/td>\n | Annex A (informative)Verification of results <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 36<\/td>\n | Figure A.1 \u2013 Example of the results of a verification test <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 37<\/td>\n | Annex B (informative)Site calibration examples B.1 Example A B.1.1 Site description: B.1.2 Site calibration setup: B.1.3 Site calibration evaluation: B.1.4 Step 1: Check the significance of wind shear at the site according to 9.2.2: <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 38<\/td>\n | B.1.5 Step 2: Verify correlation of wind shear at wind turbine and reference meteorological mast locations \u2013 Example A Figure B.1 \u2013 Wind shear exponent vs. time of day, Example A Figure B.2 \u2013 Wind shear exponents at wind turbine location vs. reference meteorological mast, example A where the colour axis = wind speed (m\/s) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 39<\/td>\n | B.1.6 Step 3: Calculate results according to 9.2.3 B.1.7 Step 4: Quality checks and additional uncertainties Figure B.3 \u2013 Wind speed ratios and number of data points vs. wind shear exponent and wind direction bin \u2013 wind speed ratios (full lines), number of data points (dotted lines) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 40<\/td>\n | Tables Table B.1 \u2013 Site calibration flow corrections (wind speed ratio) Table B.2 \u2013 Site calibration data count <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 41<\/td>\n | B.2 Example B B.2.1 Site description: B.2.2 Site calibration setup: Figure B.4 \u2013 Data convergence check for 190\u00b0 bin <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 42<\/td>\n | B.2.3 Step 1: Check the significance of wind shear at the site: B.2.4 Step 2A: Verify correlation of wind shear at wind turbine and reference meteorological mast locations, example B Figure B.5 \u2013 Wind shear exponent vs. time of day, example B Figure B.6 \u2013 Wind shear exponents at wind turbine location vs. reference meteorological mast, example B <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 43<\/td>\n | Figure B.7 \u2013 Linear regression of wind turbine location vs. reference meteorological mast hub height wind speeds for 330\u00b0 bin Figure B.8 \u2013 Wind speed ratios vs. wind speed for the 330\u00b0 bin <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 44<\/td>\n | B.2.5 Step 2B: Attempt to remove non-correlating wind shear data Figure B.9 \u2013 Wind speed ratios vs. wind shear for the 330\u00b0 bin Figure B.10 \u2013 Wind shear exponents at wind turbine location vs. reference meteorological mast post-filtering <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 45<\/td>\n | B.2.6 Step 3: Calculate results B.2.7 Step 4: Additional uncertainties: Figure B.11 \u2013 Linear regression of wind turbine location vs. reference meteorological mast hub height wind speeds for 330\u00b0 bin, post-filtering Figure B.12 \u2013 Wind speed ratios vs. wind speed for the 330\u00b0 bin, post-filtering <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 46<\/td>\n | Figure B.13 \u2013 Data convergence check for 330\u00b0 bin Table B.3 \u2013 r2 values for each wind direction bin Table B.4 \u2013 Additional uncertainty due to change in bins for example B <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 47<\/td>\n | B.3 Example C B.3.1 Site description: B.3.2 Site calibration setup: Figure B.14 \u2013 Site calibration wind shear vs. power curve test wind shear <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 48<\/td>\n | B.3.3 Step 1: Check the significance of wind shear at the site: B.3.4 Step 2: Verify correlation of wind shear at wind turbine and reference meteorological mast locations, example C B.3.5 Step 3: Calculate results B.3.6 Step 4: Quality checks and uncertainty B.3.7 Anemometer operational uncertainty: B.3.8 Convergence check: <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 49<\/td>\n | B.3.9 Change in magnitude of correction between bins: B.3.10 Wind vane adjustment: B.3.11 Seasonal uncertainty adjustment: Figure B.15 \u2013 Convergence check for 270\u00b0 bin Table B.5 \u2013 Additional uncertainty due to change in bins for example C <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 50<\/td>\n | Bibliography <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Wind energy generation systems – Power performance. Measurement based site calibration<\/b><\/p>\n |