This Technical Specification specifies the construction, testing, installation and maintenance of Power-i apparatus and systems which utilise electronically controlled spark duration limitation to maintain an adequate level of intrinsic safety.<\/p>\n
This Technical Specification contains requirements for intrinsically safe apparatus and wiring intended for use in explosive atmospheres and for associated apparatus intended for connection to intrinsically safe circuits entering such atmospheres.<\/p>\n
This Technical Specification excludes the level of protection \u201cia\u201d and the use of softwarecontrolled circuits.<\/p>\n
This Technical Specification applies to electrical equipment utilising voltages not higher than 40 V d.c. and a safety factor 1,5 for Groups IIB, IIA, I and III. It is also applicable to Group IIC \u201cic\u201d apparatus with a safety factor 1,0. Group IIC \u201cib\u201d apparatus with a safety factor 1,5 are restricted to voltages up to 32 V d.c.<\/p>\n
This type of protection is applicable to electrical equipment in which the electrical circuits themselves are incapable of causing an explosion of the surrounding explosive atmospheres.<\/p>\n
This Technical Specification is applicable to intrinsically safe apparatus and systems which utilise electronically controlled spark duration limitation with the aim of providing more electrical power while maintaining an adequate level of safety.<\/p>\n
This Technical Specification is also applicable to electrical equipment or parts of electrical equipment located outside hazardous areas or protected by another type of protection listed in the IEC 60079 series, where the intrinsic safety of the electrical circuits in explosive atmospheres depends on the design and construction of such electrical equipment or parts of such electrical equipment. The electrical circuits located in the hazardous area are evaluated for use in such locations by applying this Technical Specification.<\/p>\n
This Technical Specification supplements and modifies the requirements of IEC 60079-0, IEC 60079-11, IEC 60079-14, IEC 60079-17 and IEC 60079-25.<\/p>\n
| PDF Pages<\/th>\n | PDF Title<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2<\/td>\n | undefined <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 7<\/td>\n | CONTENTS <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 10<\/td>\n | FOREWORD <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 12<\/td>\n | INTRODUCTION <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 13<\/td>\n | 1 Scope 2 Normative references <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 14<\/td>\n | 3 Definitions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 15<\/td>\n | 4 Power-i architecture Figures Figure 1 \u2013 The simplest Power-i architecture <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 16<\/td>\n | 5 Requirements for Power-i devices 5.1 General 5.2 Power-i source Figure 2 \u2013 Example of complex Power-i concept architecture <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 17<\/td>\n | Figure 3 \u2013 Elements of a Power-i source with voltage and current limitation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 18<\/td>\n | 5.3 Power-i field device <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 19<\/td>\n | 5.4 Power-i wiring Figure 4 \u2013 Example of a universal Power-i field device (basic structure) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 20<\/td>\n | 5.5 Power-i terminator 5.6 Test instruments for Power-i loop check 5.7 Power-i application classes <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 21<\/td>\n | 6 System requirements 6.1 Selection of the permissible Power- i current class of the Power-i source Tables Table 1 \u2013 Definition of Power-i voltage classes Table 2 \u2013 Definition of Power-i current classes <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 22<\/td>\n | 6.2 Verification of a Power-i system Table 3 \u2013 Permitted combinations of Power-i application classes for Power-i sources as a function of the system response time for all Groups (n.a. = not allowed) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 23<\/td>\n | Table 4 \u2013 Power-i current classes of Power-i field devices or Power-i terminators matching the current class of the Power-i source <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 24<\/td>\n | 7 Assessment and testing 7.1 Procedure to define safety-relevant parameters Figure 5 \u2013 Basic assessment procedure for a Power-i system <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 25<\/td>\n | 7.2 Type test 7.3 Routine test 8 Marking of Power-i devices 8.1 General 8.2 Examples of marking Table 5 \u2013 Relevance for Power-i test procedures <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 26<\/td>\n | 9 Instructions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 27<\/td>\n | Annex A (normative) Assessment of Power-i safety parameters A.1 General A.2 Power-i specific test equipment A.2.1 Power-i universal test equipment <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 28<\/td>\n | A.2.2 Power-i dummy load Figure A.1 \u2013 Basic principle of the Power-i universal test equipment Figure A.2 \u2013 Pulse output between terminals 3 and 1 of Figure A.1 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 29<\/td>\n | A.3 Determination of the safety-relevant parameters for Power-i devices and Power-i wiring A.3.1 General A.3.2 Safety-relevant parameters for the Power-i source Figure A.3 \u2013 Basic principle of a Power-i dummy load <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 30<\/td>\n | Figure A.4 \u2013 Basic principle of the equipment for the determination of the response time tresp-source <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 31<\/td>\n | Figure A.5 \u2013 Example of an oscillogram to determinethe response time tresp-source <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 32<\/td>\n | Figure A.6 \u2013 Test equipment for the determination ofthe assessment factor AFsource (basic principle) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 33<\/td>\n | Figure A.7 \u2013 Test equipment for the assessment factor test for Power-i source <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 34<\/td>\n | Figure A.8 \u2013 Example of an oscillogram from a test of a Power-i source with an assessment factor AF = 8,29 for a break spark <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 35<\/td>\n | Figure A.9 \u2013 Test equipment for transition pulse test of a Power-i source <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 36<\/td>\n | A.3.3 Safety-relevant parameters for the Power-i field devices <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 37<\/td>\n | Figure A.10 \u2013 Test equipment for the determination of the assessment factor AFfield device for Power-i field devices (basic principle) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 38<\/td>\n | Figure A.11 \u2013 Test equipment for the transition pulse test of Power-i field devices <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 39<\/td>\n | A.3.4 Safety-relevant parameters for Power-i wiring Figure A.12 \u2013 Evaluation parameter of test pulse Upulse for transition pulse test <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 40<\/td>\n | Figure A.13 \u2013 Test equipment for the determination of the response time of the Power-i trunk tresp-trunk (basic principle) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 41<\/td>\n | A.3.5 Safety-relevant parameters for the Power-i terminator <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 42<\/td>\n | Annex B (informative) Explanation and details of the Power-i basic concept B.1 Physical basics of an ignition <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 43<\/td>\n | Figure B.1 \u2013 Example of a typical trace of a break spark suppliedwith a linearly limited source Figure B.2 \u2013 Example of a typical trace of a break spark limited by a Power-i source <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 44<\/td>\n | B.2 Output characteristics of a Power-i source <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 45<\/td>\n | Figure B.3 \u2013 Example of output set of characteristic curvesof a Power-i source during load connection <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 46<\/td>\n | B.3 Measurement and scientific results as basis for Power- i minimum ignition values B.3.1 Test setups for the determination of the ignition probability Figure B.4 \u2013 Basic principle of a Power-i power sourcefor the voltage threshold return mode Figure B.5 \u2013 Example of output set of characteristic curves of a Power-i source in the case of a failure <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 47<\/td>\n | Figure B.6 \u2013 Test setup with STA for break sparks Figure B.7 \u2013 Test setup with STA for make sparks <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 48<\/td>\n | B.3.2 Result of the spark ignition tests and their implementation in Table 3 Figure B.8 \u2013 Power-i ignition values for voltage class 24V (24 VDC) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 49<\/td>\n | Figure B.9 \u2013 Power-i ignition values for voltage class 32V (32 VDC) Figure B.10 \u2013 Power-i ignition values for voltage class 40V (40 VDC) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 50<\/td>\n | Figure B.11 \u2013 Ignition energy in relation to the usedhydrogen percentage in the gas mixtures <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 51<\/td>\n | Annex C (informative) Examples of Power-i devices and systems C.1 Power-i application for a solenoid valve Figure C.1 \u2013 Simple solenoid valve Power-i application (example) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 52<\/td>\n | C.2 Example of a generally designed Power-i source C.3 Example of a Power-i field device Figure C.2 \u2013 Example of a generally styled Power-i field device <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 53<\/td>\n | C.4 Example of a Power-i dummy load C.5 Example of a Power-i terminator Figure C.3 \u2013 Example of a V-limitation unit (level of protection \u201cib\u201d) Figure C.4 \u2013 Example of a Power-i dummy load <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 54<\/td>\n | Figure C.5 \u2013 Example of a Power-i terminator <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 55<\/td>\n | Annex D (informative) Example of interconnection of Power-i devices including Power-i wiring to a Power-i system D.1 Specific aim and given values D.2 Solution example <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Explosive atmospheres – Intrinsically safe systems with electronically controlled spark duration limitation<\/b><\/p>\n |