{"id":424640,"date":"2024-10-20T06:52:42","date_gmt":"2024-10-20T06:52:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/product\/uncategorized\/asme-ptc-22-2023\/"},"modified":"2024-10-26T12:56:07","modified_gmt":"2024-10-26T12:56:07","slug":"asme-ptc-22-2023","status":"publish","type":"product","link":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/product\/publishers\/asme\/asme-ptc-22-2023\/","title":{"rendered":"ASME PTC 22 2023"},"content":{"rendered":"

The new edition of PTC 22 is intended to be a more thorough and accurate approach to the thermal performance testing of gas turbines based on industry feedback and harmonization with other codes and standards. To more completely support testing of gas turbines in a broad range of applications, this edition includes significant changes from previous to incorporate methodology for determination of gas turbine exhaust energy, flow, and temperature. PTC 22 establishes directions and rules for conduct and results reporting of thermal performance tests for open cycle gas turbine power plants and gas turbine engines. This performance test code provides explicit instruction on determining corrected power, heat rate, exhaust flow, exhaust energy, and exhaust temperature. Guidance is also provided for designing testing requirements and programs to satisfy different goals such as absolute performance and comparative performance. It is the intent of this performance test code to provide results with the highest level of accuracy consistent with the best engineering knowledge and practice in the gas turbine industry. In planning the test, an uncertainty analysis must demonstrate that the proposed instrumentation and measurement techniques meet the requirements of the Code. PTC 22 is used in power plants worldwide and is recognized internationally. This performance test code was developed by a committee with balanced membership from manufacturers, power plant owners and operators, design engineers, and general interest groups. Intended for end-users, test engineers, operators of power plants, plant engineers, A\/E\u2019s, gas turbine manufacturers, third-party testing agencies, and anyone else who specifies gas turbine testing.<\/p>\n

PDF Catalog<\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
PDF Pages<\/th>\nPDF Title<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
4<\/td>\nCONTENTS <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
7<\/td>\nNOTICE <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
8<\/td>\nFOREWORD <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
9<\/td>\nASME PTC COMMITTEE ROSTER <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
10<\/td>\nCORRESPONDENCE WITH THE PTC COMMITTEE <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
12<\/td>\nASME PTC 22-2023 SUMMARY OF CHANGES <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
16<\/td>\nSection 1 Object and Scope
1-1 OBJECT
1-2 SCOPE
1-2.1 General Scope
1-2.2 Tests Inside and Outside the Scope of ASME PTC 22
1-3 TEST UNCERTAINTY
1-3.1 Absolute Performance Test Uncertainty <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
17<\/td>\n1-3.2 Comparative Performance Test Uncertainty
1-4 OTHER REQUIREMENTS AND REFERENCES <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
18<\/td>\nTables
Table 1-2.2-1 Gas Turbine Extended Scope <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
19<\/td>\nSection 2 Definitions and Descriptions of Terms
2-1 GENERAL
2-2 DEFINITIONS <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
20<\/td>\n2-2.1 Symbols and Subscripts <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
21<\/td>\nTable 2-2.1-1 Symbols <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
23<\/td>\nTable 2-2.1-2 Subscripts <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
24<\/td>\nSection 3 Guiding Principles
3-1 AGREEMENTS
3-1.1 General Agreements Before the Test
3-1.2 Design, Construction, and Start-Up Considerations
3-1.3 Responsibilities of Parties <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
25<\/td>\n3-1.4 Schedule and Location of Test Activities
3-1.5 Test Boundary and Required Measurements
3-1.6 Test Plan <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
26<\/td>\nFigures
Figure 3-1.5.1-1 Generic Test Boundaries
Table 3-1.5.2-1 Required Measurements <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
27<\/td>\n3-2 PREPARATIONS FOR TEST
3-2.1 Preliminary to Test
3-2.2 Pretest Records
3-2.3 Preservation of Instrument Uncertainty
3-2.4 Equipment Inspection and Cleanliness
3-2.5 Preliminary Operation and Adjustment
3-2.6 Preliminary Testing
3-2.7 Pretest Considerations for Comparative Testing <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
28<\/td>\n3-3 CONDUCT OF TEST
3-3.1 Specified Reference Conditions
3-3.2 Starting and Stopping Tests and Test Runs
3-3.3 Operation Prior to and During Tests <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
29<\/td>\n3-3.4 Duration of Test Run and Frequency of Readings
3-3.5 Maximum Permissible Variations in Operating Conditions
3-4 TEST RECORDS
3-4.1 Test Readings
3-4.2 Direct Readings
3-4.3 Certified Data
3-4.4 Test Log
Table 3-3.5-1 Maximum Permissible Variations in Operating Conditions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
30<\/td>\n3-4.5 Test Recording Errors
3-5 TEST VALIDITY
3-5.1 Validity of Results
3-5.2 Reporting of Results
3-5.3 Causes for Rejection of Readings
3-6 UNCERTAINTY
3-6.1 Objectives
3-6.2 Uncertainty Calculations
3-6.3 Differences in Uncertainties
3-6.4 Uncertainty Analyses <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
32<\/td>\nSection 4 Instruments and Methods of Measurement
4-1 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
4-1.1 Introduction
4-1.2 Maximum Uncertainties
Table 4-1.2.1-1 Maximum Allowable Measurement Uncertainties <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
33<\/td>\n4-1.3 Instrument Calibration and Verification <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
35<\/td>\n4-1.4 Data Collection and Handling <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
36<\/td>\n4-2 PRESSURE MEASUREMENT
4-2.1 General
4-2.2 Pressure Instruments
4-2.3 Typical Gas Turbine Measurement Parameters <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
37<\/td>\nFigure 4-2.3.8-1 Five-Way Manifold for Differential Pressure (DP) Instruments <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
38<\/td>\nFigure 4-2.3.9-1 Differential Pressure (DP) Correction for Flow in Nonhorizontal Lines <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
39<\/td>\n4-2.4 Calibration of Pressure Instruments
4-3 TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT
4-3.1 General
4-3.2 Temperature Instruments <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
40<\/td>\nFigure 4-3.2.1-1 Four-Wire RTDs
Figure 4-3.2.1-2 Three-Wire RTDs <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
41<\/td>\n4-3.3 Typical Gas Turbine Measurement Parameters <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
42<\/td>\n4-3.4 Calibration of Temperature Instruments <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
43<\/td>\n4-4 GAS FUEL HEAT INPUT
4-4.1 General
4-4.2 Gas Fuel Test Boundary
4-4.3 Gas Fuel Flowmeters <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
44<\/td>\nFigure 4-4.2-1 Generic Gas Fuel Test Boundary <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
45<\/td>\n4-4.4 Gas Fuel Composition
4-4.5 Gas Fuel Heating Value
4-4.6 Gas Fuel Sensible Heat <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
46<\/td>\n4-4.7 Gas Fuel Sampling
4-5 LIQUID FUEL HEAT INPUT
4-5.1 General
4-5.2 Liquid Fuel Test Boundary
4-5.3 Liquid Fuel Mass Flow <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
47<\/td>\nFigure 4-5.2-1 Generic Liquid Fuel Test Boundary <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
48<\/td>\n4-5.4 Liquid Fuel Heating Value
4-5.5 Liquid Fuel Sensible Heat
4-5.6 Liquid Fuel Sampling <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
49<\/td>\n4-6 ELECTRICAL GENERATION MEASUREMENT
4-6.1 Introduction
4-6.2 Excitation Power Measurement
4-6.3 Measurement of Auxiliary Loads
4-7 MECHANICAL POWER MEASUREMENT
4-7.1 Torque and Speed Measurement
4-7.2 Other Parameters and Variables
4-8 SPEED MEASUREMENT <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
50<\/td>\n4-9 HUMIDITY MEASUREMENT
4-9.1 Direct Measurement
4-9.2 Indirect Measurement via Wet-Bulb Temperature
4-10 HEAT LOSSES
4-10.1 Generator Losses
4-10.2 Gearbox Losses <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
51<\/td>\n4-10.3 Fixed Losses
4-10.4 Variable Losses
4-11 OTHER MEASUREMENTS
4-11.1 Time
4-11.2 Flow
4-11.3 Turbine Control Parameters <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
52<\/td>\nSection 5 Computation of Results
5-1 GENERAL
5-2 ELECTRICAL POWER CALCULATIONS
5-2.1 Introduction
5-2.2 Electrical Measurement System Connections
5-2.3 Excitation Power Calculation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
53<\/td>\n5-2.4 Instrument Transformers <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
54<\/td>\n5-3 MECHANICAL POWER OUTPUT CALCULATION
5-3.1 Mechanical Drive Power
5-3.2 Efficiency
5-4 HEAT RATE CALCULATIONS
5-4.1 Fuel Heat Input <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
55<\/td>\nTable 5-4.1.1-1 Typical Values for Unit Conversion Factor, N1, Using Common Units of Measure <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
57<\/td>\n5-4.2 Heat Rate
5-5 CORRECTION OF TEST RESULTS \u2014 FUNDAMENTAL PERFORMANCE EQUATIONS <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
58<\/td>\nTable 5-5-1 Summary of Additive Correction Factors for Power Fundamental Performance Equation
Table 5-5-2 Summary of Correction Factors in All Fundamental Performance Equations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
59<\/td>\n5-5.1 Alternate Corrected Gas Turbine Exhaust Energy
5-6 APPLICATION OF CORRECTION FACTORS
5-6.1 Application of Correction Factors Using Model-Based Corrections <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
60<\/td>\n5-6.2 Application of Correction Factors Using Correction Curves <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
61<\/td>\n5-7 DEGRADATION <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
62<\/td>\nSection 6 Report of Results
6-1 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
6-2 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
6-3 TEST DESCRIPTION
6-4 TEST EQUIPMENT
6-5 CALCULATIONS AND RESULTS <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
63<\/td>\n6-6 APPENDICES <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
64<\/td>\nSection 7 Test Uncertainty
7-1 INTRODUCTION
7-2 UNDERSTANDING TEST UNCERTAINTY
7-2.1 Uncertainty Versus Error
7-2.2 Random Standard Uncertainty, sX\u00af
7-2.3 Systematic Standard Uncertainty, bi <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
65<\/td>\nFigure 7-2.1.1-1 Illustration of Measurement Errors <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
66<\/td>\n7-2.4 Confidence Interval
7-2.5 Combining BX\u00af and sX\u00af for the Total Measurement Uncertainty
Figure 7-2.4-1 Test Uncertainty Diagram <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
67<\/td>\n7-2.6 Sensitivity Coefficients, or Influence Coefficients, \u0398i
7-2.7 Combining Measurement Uncertainties Into the Uncertainty of the Result
7-2.8 Uncertainty Is Not Affected by Turbine Control Parameters Inside the Test Boundary
7-2.9 Posttest Uncertainty Analysis
7-3 UNIT OUTPUT AND HEAT RATE
7-3.1 Uncertainty Calculation Logic
7-3.2 Uncertainty Calculations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
68<\/td>\nTable 7-3.1-1 Step 1: Code Limit Uncertainty (Example) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
70<\/td>\nTable 7-3.1-2 Step 2: Pretest Uncertainty Calculation (Example) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
72<\/td>\nTable 7-3.1-3 Step 3: Posttest Uncertainty Calculation (Example) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
74<\/td>\n7-3.3 Sample Calculation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
77<\/td>\nTable 7-3.3.2.2-1 Heat Input Uncertainty for Mass Flowmeter <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
78<\/td>\n7-3.4 Test Uncertainty
7-3.5 Uniqueness of Tests
7-3.6 Multiple Unit Tests
Table 7-3.3.3-1 Heat Input Uncertainties for Liquid Fuel <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
79<\/td>\n7-4 COMPARATIVE TESTING UNCERTAINTY
7-4.1 General
7-4.2 Comparative Testing Uncertainty Procedure
7-4.3 Sample Calculation for Difference
Table 7-4.3-1 Comparative Test Example <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
80<\/td>\n7-4.4 Calculation Information
7-5 UNCERTAINTY OF FLOW CALCULATION FROM HEAT BALANCE
7-5.1 Heat Balance
7-5.2 Sensitivities
7-5.3 Heat Equivalents and Enthalpies <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
81<\/td>\n7-5.4 Uncertainties
7-5.5 Emphasis on Exhaust Temperature and Fuel Flow
7-5.6 Exhaust Energy
7-5.7 Corrected Values
Table 7-5.4-1 Exhaust Flow Uncertainty
Table 7-5.6-1 Exhaust Energy Uncertainty <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
82<\/td>\n7-5.8 HRSG Heat Balance <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
83<\/td>\nMANDATORY APPENDIX I DETERMINATION OF GAS TURBINE EXHAUST ENERGY, FLOW, AND TEMPERATURE
I-1 INTRODUCTION
I-2 TEST METHODOLOGY
I-3 CALCULATIONS AND RESULTS: GENERAL <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
87<\/td>\nTable I-3.2.1.3-1 Elemental Molecular Weights <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
88<\/td>\nTable I-3.2.2.4-1 Fuel Gas Combustion Ratios
Table I-3.2.3.3-1 Liquid Fuel Combustion Ratios <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
91<\/td>\nTable I-3.2.6.3-1 Enthalpy Equation Constants <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
92<\/td>\nI-4 SAMPLE EXHAUST FLOW BY GAS TURBINE HEAT BALANCE CALCULATION <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
93<\/td>\nNONMANDATORY APPENDIX A SAMPLE CALCULATIONS
A-1 INTRODUCTION
A-2 CALCULATION OF HEAT INPUT <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
94<\/td>\nTable A-2.1-1 Gas Fuel Flow Test Data
Table A-2.7-1 Specific Heat at Constant Pressure <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
95<\/td>\nA-3 CALCULATION OF ELECTRICAL OUTPUT
A-4 CALCULATION OF CORRECTED PERFORMANCE (POWER, HEAT RATE, EXHAUST TEMPERATURE, AND EXHAUST FLOW) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
96<\/td>\nTable A-2.13-1 Lower Heating Value
Table A-2.14-1 Higher Heating Value
Table A-3.1-1 VT Test Data <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
97<\/td>\nTable A-3.2-1 VT Calibration Data
Table A-3.3-1 VT Voltage Drop
Table A-3.4-1 CT Corrections <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
98<\/td>\nTable A-3.5-1 Gross Generation
Table A-3.6-1 Corrected Secondary Watts <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
99<\/td>\nTable A-4-1 Calculation of Corrected Performance (Power, Heat Rate, Exhaust Temperature, and Exhaust Flow)
Table A-4-2 Fuel Supply Composition
Table A-4-3 Fuel Composition
Table A-4-4 Corrected Power and Heat Rate
Table A-4-5 Corrected Exhaust Flow and Exhaust Temperature <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
100<\/td>\nNONMANDATORY APPENDIX B PTC UNCERTAINTY ESTIMATES FROM ASTM REPEATABILITY AND REPRODUCIBILITY DATA
B-1 INTRODUCTION
B-2 DEFINITIONS
B-3 QUANTIFYING R, r, AND BIAS <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
101<\/td>\nB-4 UNCERTAINTY CONSIDERATIONS
B-5 EXAMPLE <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
102<\/td>\nB-6 CONCLUSION <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
103<\/td>\nNONMANDATORY APPENDIX C SAMPLE EXHAUST FLOW BY GAS TURBINE HEAT BALANCE CALCULATION
C-1 INTRODUCTION
C-2 SAMPLE CALCULATIONS <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
104<\/td>\nFigure C-1-1 Sample Exhaust Flow by Gas Turbine Heat Balance Calculations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
105<\/td>\nFigure C-1-2 Sample Calculation of Wet Air Composition and Molar Flow <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
106<\/td>\nFigure C-1-3 Sample Mass Flow Calculations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
107<\/td>\nFigure C-1-4 Sample Fuel Gas Combustion Calculations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
108<\/td>\nFigure C-1-5 Sample Liquid Fuel Combustion Calculation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
109<\/td>\nFigure C-1-6 Sample Calculation of Exhaust Compositions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
110<\/td>\nFigure C-1-7 Sample Calculation of Enthalpy of Combustion Products at Turbine Exit <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
111<\/td>\nFigure C-1-8 Sample Calculation of Moist Air Enthalpies <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
112<\/td>\nFigure C-1-9 Sample Calculation of Fuel Gas Sensible Heat <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
113<\/td>\nFigure C-1-10 Sample Calculation of Fuel LHV <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
114<\/td>\nFigure C-1-11 Sample Correction Performance Calculation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
115<\/td>\nNONMANDATORY APPENDIX D REFERENCES <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

ASME PTC 22 – 2023: Gas Turbines<\/b><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
Published By<\/td>\nPublication Date<\/td>\nNumber of Pages<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
ASME<\/b><\/a><\/td>\n2023<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":424650,"template":"","meta":{"rank_math_lock_modified_date":false,"ep_exclude_from_search":false},"product_cat":[2643],"product_tag":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-424640","1":"product","2":"type-product","3":"status-publish","4":"has-post-thumbnail","6":"product_cat-asme","8":"first","9":"instock","10":"sold-individually","11":"shipping-taxable","12":"purchasable","13":"product-type-simple"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product\/424640","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/product"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/424650"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=424640"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"product_cat","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_cat?post=424640"},{"taxonomy":"product_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_tag?post=424640"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}