{"id":80527,"date":"2024-10-17T18:45:12","date_gmt":"2024-10-17T18:45:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/product\/uncategorized\/ieee-c37-99-2000\/"},"modified":"2024-10-24T19:43:49","modified_gmt":"2024-10-24T19:43:49","slug":"ieee-c37-99-2000","status":"publish","type":"product","link":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/product\/publishers\/ieee\/ieee-c37-99-2000\/","title":{"rendered":"IEEE C37.99 2000"},"content":{"rendered":"

Revision Standard – Active. (Revision of IEEE Std C37.99-1990 – Reaffirmed in 1994) This IEEE Standards product is part of the C37 family on Switchgear, Substations and Protective Relays. This standard assists in the effective application of relays and other devices for the protection of shunt capacitors used in substations. It covers the protective considerations, along with recommended and alternate methods of protection for the most commonly used capacitor bank configurations. Capacitor bank design tradeoffs are also discussed. This guide covers protection of filter tanks and very large EHV capacitor banks, but does not include a discussion of pole-mounted capacitor banks on distribution circuits or application of capacitors connected to rotating apparatus.<\/p>\n

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PDF Pages<\/th>\nPDF Title<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
1<\/td>\nTitle Page <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3<\/td>\nIntroduction
Participants <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
5<\/td>\nCONTENTS <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
7<\/td>\n1. Overview
1.1 Scope
1.2 Purpose
2. References <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
8<\/td>\n3. Definitions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
10<\/td>\n4. Basic considerations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
12<\/td>\n4.1 Capacitor unit capabilities
4.2 Arrangement of capacitor units
4.2.1 Externally fused shunt capacitor banks <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
13<\/td>\n4.2.2 Internally fused shunt capacitor banks
4.2.3 Fuseless shunt capacitor banks
4.2.4 Unfused shunt capacitor banks
4.3 Capacitor bank design
4.3.1 Externally fused <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
14<\/td>\n4.3.2 Internally fused <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
15<\/td>\n4.3.3 Fuseless banks
4.3.4 Unfused banks
4.4 Overvoltage on remaining capacitor units
4.4.1 Externally fused bank
4.4.2 Internally fused bank
4.4.3 Fuseless bank <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
16<\/td>\n4.4.4 Unfused bank
5. Bank connections
5.1 Grounded wye-connected banks <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
17<\/td>\n5.1.1 One unit phase to ground
5.1.2 Multiple units in series phase to ground\u2014single wye
5.1.3 Multiple units in series phase to ground\u2014double wye
5.2 Ungrounded wye-connected banks <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
18<\/td>\n5.2.1 One unit phase to neutral
5.2.2 Multiple units in series phase to neutral\u2014single wye
5.2.3 Multiple units in series phase to neutral\u2014double wye
5.3 Delta-connected banks <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
19<\/td>\n5.4 H configuration
6. Other considerations
6.1 Single-point and peninsula grounding <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
21<\/td>\n6.2 Neutral grounding <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
22<\/td>\n7. Introduction to bank and system protection <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
23<\/td>\n7.1 Bank protection <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
24<\/td>\n7.1.1 General fuse requirements (for banks with fuses)
7.1.2 External fuse selection and operation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
25<\/td>\n7.1.3 Internal fuse operation
7.1.4 Capacitor unbalance protection
7.1.5 Protection for rack faults (arc-over within the capacitor rack) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
27<\/td>\n7.2 System protection
7.2.1 External arcing
7.2.2 Overvoltages
7.2.3 Bank overcurrent protection <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
28<\/td>\n7.2.4 Loss of bus voltage <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
29<\/td>\n7.2.5 Fusing for capacitor bank relaying
7.2.6 Capacitor bank breaker failure protection <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
30<\/td>\n7.2.7 Surge arrester protection
8. Unbalance relaying methods
8.1 Introduction <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
31<\/td>\n8.2 General unbalance relay considerations
8.2.1 Schemes with ambiguous indication <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
32<\/td>\n8.2.2 Undetectable failure modes <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
33<\/td>\n8.2.3 Inherent unbalance, system unbalance, and other sources of error <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
34<\/td>\n8.2.4 Unbalance trip relay considerations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
35<\/td>\n8.2.5 Unbalance alarm relay considerations
8.2.6 Comments on various protection schemes <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
39<\/td>\n8.2.7 Very large capacitor banks
8.2.8 Protection of unbalance relays <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
40<\/td>\n8.2.9 Current transformers for unbalance relaying
8.3 Externally fused capacitor banks
8.3.1 General considerations
8.3.2 Using the calculated values <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
41<\/td>\n8.3.3 Introduction to capacitor bank unbalance calculations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
42<\/td>\n8.3.4 Unbalance calculations\u2014wye, delta, and single-phase <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
46<\/td>\n8.3.5 Unbalance calculations\u2014tap voltage <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
48<\/td>\n8.3.6 Unbalance calculations\u2014H-bridge <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
51<\/td>\n8.4 Internally fused capacitor banks
8.4.1 General considerations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
52<\/td>\n8.4.2 Using the calculated values <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
53<\/td>\n8.4.3 Introduction to capacitor bank unbalance calculations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
54<\/td>\n8.4.4 Unbalance calculations\u2014wye, delta, and single-phase <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
59<\/td>\n8.4.5 Unbalance calculations\u2014H-bridge <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
62<\/td>\n8.4.6 Unbalance calculations\u2014(midpoint) tap <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
65<\/td>\n8.5 Fuseless capacitor banks
8.5.1 General considerations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
66<\/td>\n8.5.2 Using the calculated values <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
68<\/td>\n8.5.3 Introduction to capacitor bank unbalance calculations
8.5.4 Unbalance calculations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
73<\/td>\n8.6 Unfused capacitor banks
8.6.1 General considerations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
74<\/td>\n8.6.2 Using the calculated values <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
75<\/td>\n8.6.3 Introduction to capacitor bank unbalance calculations
8.6.4 Unbalance calculations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
79<\/td>\n9. Protection of capacitor filter banks
9.1 Filter bank protection
9.1.1 Overcurrent and overload protection <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
81<\/td>\n9.1.2 Ground overcurrent protection
9.1.3 Resistor overload protection
9.1.4 Overvoltage protection
9.1.5 Capacitor unbalance protection <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
82<\/td>\n9.2 Multifrequency harmonic filter protection considerations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
84<\/td>\n9.3 Static var compensator (SVC) capacitor protection <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
86<\/td>\n9.4 SVC filter protection
10. Capacitor bank equipment considerations
10.1 Capacitor bank switching devices <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
89<\/td>\n10.2 Inrush control devices <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
90<\/td>\n10.3 Surge arresters
10.4 Voltage-sensing devices
10.5 Current-sensing devices <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
91<\/td>\n10.6 Transient currents <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
92<\/td>\n10.6.1 Surge protection for current transformers <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
94<\/td>\n10.6.2 Surge protection of voltage transformers, capacitor-coupled voltage transformers, and resi… <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
96<\/td>\n10.6.3 Surge protection of relay systems associated with capacitor banks
10.7 Control cables <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
97<\/td>\n11. System considerations
11.1 Resonance
11.2 Harmonics
11.3 Telephone interference <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
98<\/td>\n12. Commissioning, operation, and maintenance
12.1 Preparation for initial energizing
12.1.1 Visual and switching device inspection
12.1.2 Capacitance testing
12.1.3 Relay protection testing <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
99<\/td>\n12.1.4 Special recording
12.1.5 Initial energization
12.1.6 Additional tests (optional)
12.2 Response to alarm or lockout (trip)
12.2.1 Oscillographic records <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
100<\/td>\n12.2.2 Inspection (after de-energization)
12.2.3 Testing
12.2.4 Capacitor unit removal and replacement
12.2.5 Returning bank to service after lockout
12.2.6 Servicing bank following alarm condition <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
101<\/td>\nAnnex A\u2014Symbol definitions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
103<\/td>\nAnnex B\u2014Bibliography <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
105<\/td>\nAnnex C\u2014Equations for effect of inherent unbalances <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
106<\/td>\nAnnex D\u2014Inrush current and frequency for switching capacitor banks <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

IEEE Guide for the Protection of Shunt Capacitor Banks<\/b><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
Published By<\/td>\nPublication Date<\/td>\nNumber of Pages<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
IEEE<\/b><\/a><\/td>\n2000<\/td>\n107<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":80528,"template":"","meta":{"rank_math_lock_modified_date":false,"ep_exclude_from_search":false},"product_cat":[2644],"product_tag":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-80527","1":"product","2":"type-product","3":"status-publish","4":"has-post-thumbnail","6":"product_cat-ieee","8":"first","9":"instock","10":"sold-individually","11":"shipping-taxable","12":"purchasable","13":"product-type-simple"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product\/80527","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/product"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/80528"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=80527"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"product_cat","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_cat?post=80527"},{"taxonomy":"product_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_tag?post=80527"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}