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BS EN IEC 61557-12:2022

BS EN IEC 61557-12:2022

$215.11

Electrical safety in low voltage distribution systems up to 1 000 V AC and 1 500 V DC. Equipment for testing, measuring or monitoring of protective measures – Power metering and monitoring devices (PMD)

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BSI 2022 110
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IEC 61557-12:2018 is available as IEC 61557-12:2018 RLV which contains the International Standard and its Redline version, showing all changes of the technical content compared to the previous edition.IEC 61557-12:2018 specifies requirements for power metering and monitoring devices (PMD) that measure and monitor the electrical quantities within electrical distribution systems, and optionally other external signals. These requirements also define the performance in single- and three-phase AC or DC systems having rated voltages up to 1 000 V AC or up to 1 500 V DC. These devices are fixed or portable. They are intended to be used indoors and/or outdoors. Power metering and monitoring devices (PMD), as defined in this document, give additional safety information, which aids the verification of the installation and enhances the performance of the distribution systems. The power metering and monitoring devices (PMD) for electrical parameters described in this document are used for general industrial and commercial applications. This document does not address functional safety and cyber security aspects. This document is not applicable for: – electricity metering equipment that complies with IEC 62053-21, IEC 62053-22, IEC 62053-23 and IEC 62053-24. Nevertheless, uncertainties defined in this document for active and reactive energy measurement are derived from those defined in IEC 62053 (all parts); – the measurement and monitoring of electrical parameters defined in IEC 61557-2 to IEC 61557-9 and IEC 61557-13 or in IEC 62020; – power quality instrument (PQI) according IEC 62586 (all parts); – devices covered by IEC 60051 (all parts) (direct acting analogue electrical measuring  instrument). IEC 61557-12:2018 cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2007. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: a) PMD-A has been withdrawn due the fact these devices are now mainly covered by the IEC 62586 series of standards. b) Three categories of PMD have been created with a list of minimum required functions for each category. c) Added a new Annex A explaining the different applications linked to the relevant standards and devices, and another new Annex C about the power factor conventions.  

PDF Catalog

PDF Pages PDF Title
2 undefined
8 Annex ZA (normative)Normative references to international publicationswith their corresponding European publications
9 Annex ZZ (informative)Relationship between this European standard and the safety objectives of Directive 2014/35/EU [2014 OJ L96] aimed to be covered
11 English
CONTENTS
16 FOREWORD
18 INTRODUCTION
19 1 Scope
20 2 Normative references
3 Terms, definitions and notations
3.1 General definitions
22 3.2 Definitions related to uncertainty and performance
26 3.3 Definitions related to electric phenomena
29 3.4 Definitions related to measurement techniques
30 3.5 Notations
3.5.1 Functions
3.5.2 Symbols and abbreviations
31 3.5.3 Indices
4 Requirements
4.1 General requirements
4.2 PMD general architecture
32 4.3 Classification of PMD
Figures
Figure 1 – PMD generic measurement chain
Tables
Table 1 – Functional classification of PMD with minimal required functions
33 4.4 Structure of PMD
4.4.1 Structure of PMD related to sensors
4.4.2 Requirements for self-powered PMD
Figure 2 – Description of different types of PMD
Table 2 – Structure of PMD
34 4.5 List of applicable performance classes
4.6 Operating and reference conditions for PMD
4.6.1 Reference conditions
Table 3 – List of applicable performance classes
35 4.6.2 Rated operating conditions
Table 4 – Reference conditions for testing
Table 5 – Rated operating temperatures for portable equipment
36 Table 6 – Rated operating temperatures for fixed installed equipment
Table 7 – Humidity and altitude operating conditions
37 4.7 Start-up conditions
4.8 Requirements for PMD functions
4.8.1 General requirements
Figure 3 – Relationship between ambient air temperature and relative humidity
38 4.8.2 Active power (P) and active energy (Ea) measurements
39 Table 8 – Intrinsic uncertainty table for active power and active energy measurement
40 Table 9 – Influence quantities for active power and active energy measurement (1 of 3)
43 Table 10 – Minimum test period
44 4.8.3 Reactive power (QA, QV) and reactive energy (ErA, ErV) measurements
Table 11 – Starting current for active power and active energy measurement
Table 12 – Intrinsic uncertainty table for reactive power and reactive energy measurement
45 Table 13 – Influence quantities for reactive power and reactive energy measurement
46 Table 14 – Minimum test period
47 4.8.4 Apparent power (SA, SV) and apparent energy (EapA, EapV) measurements
Table 15 – Starting current for reactive energy measurement
Table 16 – Intrinsic uncertainty table for apparent power and apparent energy measurement
48 Table 17 – Influence quantities for apparent power and apparent energy measurement
49 4.8.5 Frequency (f) measurements
Table 18 – Intrinsic uncertainty table for frequency measurement
50 4.8.6 RMS phase current (I) and neutral current (IN, INc) measurements
Table 19 – Influence quantities for frequency measurement
Table 20 – Rated range of operation for phase current measurement
51 Table 21 – Rated range of operation for neutral current (calculated or measured)
Table 22 – Intrinsic uncertainty table for phase current
Table 23 – Intrinsic uncertainty table for neutral current measurement
52 Table 24 – Intrinsic uncertainty table for neutral current calculation
53 Table 25 – Influence quantities for phase current and neutral current measurement
54 4.8.7 RMS voltage (U) measurements
Table 26 – Rated range of operation for RMS voltage measurement
Table 27 – Intrinsic uncertainty table for RMS voltage measurement
55 Table 28 – Influence quantities for RMS voltage measurement
56 4.8.8 Power factor (PFA, PFV) measurements
4.8.9 Short term flicker (Pst) and long term flicker (Plt) measurements
Table 29 – Intrinsic uncertainty table for power factor measurement
57 4.8.10 Voltage dip (Udip) and voltage swell (Uswl) measurements
Table 30 – Intrinsic uncertainty table for flicker measurement
59 Table 31 – Rated range of operation for voltage dips and swells measurement
60 Table 32 – Intrinsic uncertainty table for voltage dips and swells measurement
61 Table 33 – Influence quantities for dips and swells measurement
62 4.8.11 Voltage interruption (Uint) measurements
63 4.8.12 Transient overvoltage (Utr) measurements
4.8.13 Voltage unbalance (Unb, Unba) measurements
Table 34 – Intrinsic uncertainty table for voltage interruption measurement
Table 35 – Intrinsic uncertainty table for transient overvoltage measurement
64 4.8.14 Voltage harmonics (Uh) and voltage THD (THDu and THD-Ru) measurements
Table 36 – Intrinsic uncertainty table for voltage unbalance measurement
Table 37 – Rated range of operation for voltage harmonics measurement
Table 38 – Intrinsic uncertainty table for voltage harmonics measurement
65 4.8.15 Current unbalance (Inb, Inba) measurements
Table 39 – Intrinsic uncertainty table for voltage THDu or THD-Ru measurement
Table 40 – Intrinsic uncertainty table for current unbalance measurement
66 4.8.16 Current harmonics (Ih) and current THD (THDi and THD-Ri) measurements
Table 41 – Rated range of operation for current harmonics measurement
Table 42 – Intrinsic uncertainty table for current harmonics measurement
Table 43 – Intrinsic uncertainty table for current THDi and THD-Ri measurement
67 4.8.17 Minimum, maximum, peak, three-phases average and demand measurements
4.9 General mechanical requirements
4.9.1 Vibration requirements
4.9.2 IP requirements
Table 44 – Minimum IP requirements for PMD
68 4.10 Safety requirements
4.10.1 Protection against electrical hazards
69 4.10.2 Protection against mechanical hazards
4.10.3 Protection against other hazards
4.11 EMC requirements
4.11.1 Immunity
4.11.2 Emission
4.12 Inputs and/or outputs
4.12.1 General
4.12.2 Analog outputs
70 4.12.3 Pulse outputs
4.12.4 Control outputs
4.12.5 Analog inputs
4.12.6 Pulse and control inputs
5 Marking and operating instructions
5.1 General
5.2 Marking
71 5.3 Operating, installation and maintenance instructions
5.3.1 General
5.3.2 General characteristics
5.3.3 Essential characteristics
72 Table 45 – PMD specification form
73 6 Tests
6.1 General
Table 46 – Characteristics specification template
74 6.2 Type tests of PMD
6.2.1 General
6.2.2 Tests of intrinsic uncertainty
6.2.3 Tests of variation of uncertainty with influence quantities
6.2.4 Test of temperature influence
75 6.2.5 Active power
Figure 4 – Waveform for odd harmonics influence test on active power measurement
76 Figure 5 – Spectral content for odd harmonics influence teston active power measurement
77 6.2.6 Apparent power
Figure 6 – Waveform for sub-harmonics influence test onactive power measurement
Figure 7 – Spectral content for sub-harmonics influence teston active power measurement
78 6.2.7 Power factor
6.2.8 Common mode voltage rejection test
6.2.9 Frequency
Figure 8 – Common mode voltage influence testing
79 6.2.10 Measurement of voltage harmonics and THDu
6.2.11 Measurement of current harmonics and THDi
Figure 9 – Waveform for harmonics influence teston frequency measurement
80 6.2.12 Dips and swells
6.2.13 Voltage interruptions
6.2.14 Outputs tests
81 6.2.15 Climatic tests
82 6.2.16 EMC tests
6.2.17 Start-up tests
6.2.18 Gapless measurement test
6.2.19 Safety tests
6.3 Routine tests
6.3.1 Protective bonding test
83 6.3.2 Dielectric strength test
6.3.3 Uncertainty test
84 Annexes
Annex A (informative) Metering, measuring and monitoring applications
A.1 Applications on demand side and supply side
A.2 Link between applications, devices and standards
Figure A.1 – Simplified overview of measurement applications onsupply side and demand side
85 Table A.1 – Main measurement applications
86 Annex B (informative) Definitions of electrical parameters
B.1 General
B.2 Definitions in the presence of a neutral
Table B.1 – Definition of symbols
87 Table B.2 – Calculation definitions for electrical parameters
90 B.3 Power measurement in three-phase three-wire systems using the two-wattmeter method
B.3.1 General
Figure B.1 – Arithmetic and vector apparent powers in sinusoidal situation
91 B.3.2 Total active power
B.3.3 Total vector reactive power using quadrature phase shift definition
Figure B.2 – Three-phase circuit without neutral
92 B.3.4 Total vector reactive power using Budeanu’s definition
B.4 Additional relationships in case of sinusoidal voltage
93 Annex C (informative) Convention about the sign of the power factor
C.1 General
C.2 Convention for power factor (consumer perspective)
Figure C.1 – Formatting of power factor with a consumer perspective
94 C.3 Convention for power factor (producer reference frame)
Figure C.2 – Convention for power factor with a producer perspective
Table C.1 – Conventions for the sign of Power factorwith a Consumer perspective
95 Table C.2 – Conventions for the sign of power factor with a producer perspective
96 Annex D (normative) Definitions of minimum, maximum, peak and demand values
D.1 Demand quantities
D.1.1 General
D.1.2 Power demand
D.1.3 Current demand
D.1.4 Thermal current demand (or bi-metal current demand)
D.1.5 Specified intervals for demand calculation
Figure D.1 – Thermal current demand
97 D.2 Peak demand quantities
D.3 Three-phase average quantities
D.4 Maximum and minimum quantities
Figure D.2 – Fixed block interval
Figure D.3 – Sliding block interval
98 Annex E (informative) Intrinsic uncertainty and operating uncertainty
E.1 General
E.2 Operating uncertainty calculation
Figure E.1 – Different kinds of uncertainties
99 Figure E.2 – Flowchart for the determination of the operating uncertainty
100 Annex F (informative) Recommended sensor classes for the different kinds of PMD
F.1 General considerations
F.2 Specific case of an active power and energy measurement, achieved by a PMD associated with an external current sensor or/and a voltage sensor
F.3 List of functions affected by uncertainty of external sensors
Table F.1 – PMD SD associated with current sensor or PMD DS associated with voltage sensor or PMD SS associated with voltage and current sensors
101 Table F.2 – List of functions affected by uncertainty of external sensors
102 Annex G (informative)Notion of measurement uncertainty
G.1 General considerations
G.2 Computing the expanded uncertainty
G.2.1 General
G.2.2 Estimated standard deviation
103 G.2.3 Expanded uncertainty
Table G.1 – Correction factor C(N) for sample size N
104 G.3 Determining the measurement uncertainty
G.3.1 Systematic error
G.3.2 Measurement uncertainty
Figure G.1 – Illustration of the notion of measurement uncertainty
105 G.4 Using the measurement uncertainty as a pass/fail criterion
G.4.1 Intrinsic uncertainty tests
G.4.2 Tests with influence quantities
G.4.3 Overall pass/fail criterion
106 Figure G.2 – Overview of the uncertainty test procedure
107 Bibliography

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