ASHRAE AEDG30 SmallWarehouse 2008
$42.79
ASHRAE Advanced Energy Design Guide for Small Warehouses and Self-Storage Buildings: 30% Energy Savings
| Published By | Publication Date | Number of Pages |
| ASHRAE | 2008 | 107 |
This guide was prepared under ASHRAE Special Project 114. The ASHRAE Advanced Energy Design Guide for Small Warehouses and Self-Storage Buildings is the fourth in a series designed to provide recommendations for achieving 30% energy savings over the minimum code requirements of ANSI/ASHRAE/IESNA Standard 90.1-1999. The energy savings target of 30% is the first step in the process toward achieving a net zero energy building, which is defined as a building that, on an annual basis, draws from outside resources equal or less energy than it provides using on-site renewable energy sources. ANSI/ASHARE/IESNA Standard 90.1-1999, the energy-conservation standard published at the turn of the millennium, provides the fixed reference point for all of the Guides in this series. The primary reason for this choice as a reference point is to maintain a consistent baseline and scale for all of the 30% AEDG series documents. This Guide focuses on warehouses up to 50,000 ft2 and self-storage buildings that use unitary heating and air-conditioning equipment. Buildings of this type with these HVAC system configurations represent a significant amount of commercial warehouse space in the United States. The recommendations in this Guide will allow contractors, consulting engineers, architects, and designers to easily achieve advanced levels of energy savings without having to resort to detailed calculations or analyses. All of the energy-saving recommendations for each of the eight U.S. climate zones are contained on a single page, thus facilitating the Guide’s use. Additional recommendations identify other opportunities to incorporate greater energy savings into the design of the building. Those looking for help in implementing the recommendations of this Guide will find an expanded section of tips and approaches in the “How to Implement Recommendations” chapter of the Guide. To further facilitate its use, the Guide cross-references the how-to information with the numbered tips and the color-coded climate zone maps inside. Examples of advanced warehouse energy designs are also provided in various case studies to illustrate the recommendations and to demonstrate the flexibility offered in achieving the advanced energy savings levels provided within the Guide.
PDF Catalog
| PDF Pages | PDF Title |
|---|---|
| 13 | CONTENTS |
| 14 | HOW TO USE THIS GUIDE |
| 17 | Figure 2-1. Stages of design. 1. DESIGN (including Planning and Pre-Design) |
| 18 | Figure 2-2. Warehouse energy use in Phoenix. Figure 2-3. Warehouse energy use in Chicago. |
| 19 | Table 2-1. Energy Goals in the Context of the Design Phase A typical “integrated” design process includes the following steps in sequence, with energy-related actions flagged (g). |
| 22 | 2. CONSTRUCTION 3. ACCEPTANCE 4. OCCUPANCY 5. OPERATION |
| 23 | Table 2-2. Energy Goals in the Context of the Bidding and Construction Process Table 2-3. Energy Goals in the Context of the Acceptance Phase Table 2-4. Energy Goals in the Context of the Occupancy Phase Energy Goals and Strategies |
| 24 | Table 2-5. Energy Goals and Strategies (Continued) |
| 30 | Figure 3-1. DOE climate zone map. A list of counties and their respective climate zones can be found on the following pages and at www.energycodes.gov. |
| 32 | Figure 3-1. DOE climate zone map. A list of counties and their respective climate zones can be found on the following pages and at www.energycodes.gov. Climate Zone 1 Recommendation Table for Warehouses and Self-Storage Buildings |
| 34 | Climate Zone 2 Recommendation Table for Warehouses and Self-Storage Buildings |
| 36 | Climate Zone 3 Recommendation Table for Warehouses and Self-Storage Buildings |
| 38 | Climate Zone 4 Recommendation Table for Warehouses and Self-Storage Buildings |
| 40 | Climate Zone 5 Recommendation Table for Warehouses and Self-Storage Buildings |
| 42 | Climate Zone 6 Recommendation Table for Warehouses and Self-Storage Buildings |
| 44 | Climate Zone 7 Recommendation Table for Warehouses and Self-Storage Buildings |
| 46 | Climate Zone 8 Recommendation Table for Warehouses and Self-Storage Buildings |
| 49 | Climate zone 4—Tacoma Power & Light New Shops BuiLding (LEED Certified) Figure 4-1. Tacoma Power & Light new shops building featuring an array of skylights for interior daylighting. Figure 4-2. Interior views of the daylighting and lighting systems for the Tacoma Power & Light new shops building. |
| 51 | Climate Zone 5—Steelcare Inc. Warehouse Figure 4-3. Exterior view of Steelcare, Inc. Figure 4-4. Steelcare Inc.’s (a) automated storage systems and (b) solar collector on south wall. |
| 53 | Climate Zone 7—BigHorn Home Improvement Center Figure 4-5. Energy features: (1) photovoltaic panels, (2) radiant floor heating, (3) natural ventilation, and (4) daylighting. Figure 4-6. (a) Insulated translucent skylights and (b) transpired solar collector on south wall. |
| 57 | QA1 Select Team QA2 Selection of Quality Assurance Provider |
| 58 | QA3 Owner’s Project Requirements QA4 Budgets Contained in the OPR QA5 Design and Construction Schedule QA6 Design Review |
| 59 | QA7 Defining Quality Assurance at Pre-Bid QA8 Verifying Building Envelope Construction QA8A Verifying Lighting Construction QA9 Verifying Electrical and HVAC Systems Construction QA10 Testing QA11 Substantial Completion |
| 60 | QA12 Maintenance Manual Submitted and Accepted QA13 Resolve Quality Control Issues Identified Throughout the Construction Phase QA14 Final Acceptance QA15 Establish Building Maintenance Program QA16 Monitor Post-Occupancy Performance |
| 61 | EN1 Conditioned and Semi-Heated Spaces (Climate Zones: all) EN2 Cool Roofs (Climate Zones: Ê Ë Ì) Table 5-1. Examples of Cool Roofs |
| 62 | EN3 Roofs, Insulation Entirely above Deck (Climate Zones: all) Figure 5-1. (EN3) Insulation entirely above deck—insulation is installed above (a) concrete, (b) metal, or (c) wood deck in a continuous manner. EN4 Roofs, Metal Buildings (Climate Zones: all) Figure 5-2. (EN4) Prefabricated metal roofs showing thermal blocking of purlins. |
| 63 | EN5 Roofs, Single Rafter (Climate Zones: all) Figure 5-3. (EN5) Wood joists, single rafter. EN6 Walls, Mass (Climate Zones: all) Figure 5-4. (EN6) Walls, mass—any concrete or mass wall with a heat capacity exceeding 7 Btu/ft2·°F. EN7 Walls, Metal Building (Climate Zones: all) Figure 5-5. (EN7) Walls, metal building. |
| 64 | EN8 Walls, Steel Framed (Climate Zones: all) Figure 5-6. (EN8) Walls, steel framed—a common construction type in nonresidential buildings. EN9 Walls, Wood Frame and Other (Climate Zones: all) Figure 5-7. (EN9) Walls, wood frame and other. |
| 65 | EN10 Slab-on-Grade Floors, Unheated (Climate Zones: Ï Ð Ñ) Figure 5-8. (EN10) Slab-on-grade floors, unheated—no heating elements either within or below the slab. EN11 Doors, Opaque and Swinging (Climate Zones: all) Figure 5-9. (EN11) Doors, swinging—opaque doors. EN12 Doors, Opaque and Roll-Up or Sliding (Climate Zones: all) EN13 Alternative Constructions (Climate Zones: all) |
| 66 | EN14 Slab Edge Insulation (Climate Zones: all) EN15 Moisture Control (Climate Zones: all) EN16 Air Infiltration Control (Climate Zones: all) |
| 67 | Figure 5-10a. (EN15) Moisture control for mixed climates. |
| 68 | EN17 General (Climate Zones: all) Figure 5-11. (EN17) Vertical fenestration—defined as slope greater than 60° from the horizontal. EN18 Skylight Area as a Percentage of Gross Roof Area (Climate Zones: Ê Ë Ì Í Î Ï Ð) Table 5-2. Vertical Fenestration Descriptions |
| 69 | EN19 Skylight Design (Climate Zones: Ê Ë Ì Í Î Ï Ð) EN20 Fenestration Design Guidelines for Thermal Conditions (Climate Zones: all) EN21 Solar Heat Gain is Most Effectively Controlled on the Outside of the Building (Climate Zones: all) Figure 5-12. (EN21) Windows with overhang. |
| 70 | Figure 5-13. (EN21) Exterior sun control. EN22 Operable versus Fixed Windows (Climate Zones: all) EN23 Building Form and Window Orientation (Climate Zones: all) EN24 Glazing (Climate Zones: Ê Ë Ì Í) |
| 71 | EN25 Glazing (Climate Zones: Î Ï Ð Ñ) EN26 Obstructions and Planting (Climate Zones: all) EN27 Passive Solar (Climate Zones: all) |
| 72 | DL1 Savings and Occupant Acceptance (Climate Zones: all) DL2 Surface Reflectance (Climate Zones: all) DL3 Control of Direct Sun Penetration (Climate Zones: all) |
| 73 | DL4 Skylight Layout (Climate Zones: Ê Ë Ì Í Î Ï Ð) DL5 Skylight Thermal Transmittance (Climate Zones: Ê Ë Ì Í Î Ï Ð) DL6 Interactions (Climate Zones: Ê Ë Ì Í Î Ï Ð) Figure 5-14. (DL6) Skylight (horizontal fenestration). |
| 74 | DL7 Expanded Recommendations for Electric Lighting Controls in Daylight Zone (Climate Zones: all) Figure 5-15. (DL7) Daylight zone under skylight. DL8 Photosensor Placement (Climate Zones: all) |
| 75 | DL9 Calibration and Commissioning (Climate Zones: all) DL10 Daylight Levels (Climate Zones: all) EL1 Savings and Occupant Acceptance (Climate Zones: all) |
| 76 | EL2 Reflectance (Climate Zones: all) EL3 Color Rendering Index (Climate Zones: all) EL4 Color Temperature (Climate Zones: all) EL5 Linear Fluorescent Lamps and Ballasts (Climate Zones: all) |
| 77 | EL6 Compact Fluorescent (Climate Zones: all) EL7 Metal Halide (Climate Zones: all) EL8 Occupancy Sensors (Climate Zones: all) |
| 78 | EL9 Lighting Circuits and Automatic Controls (Climate Zones: all) EL10 Electric Lighting Controls in Daylight Zones (Climate Zones: all) EL11 Exit Signs (Climate Zones: all) EL12 Luminaire Distribution (Climate Zones: all) EL13 Overhead Glare Control (Climate Zones: all) |
| 79 | EL14 General Lighting in Bulky Storage Areas (Climate Zones: all) EL15 General Lighting in Fine Storage Areas (Climate Zones: all) Figure 5-16. (EL14) Layout for bulky storage. |
| 80 | Figure 5-17. (EL15) Layout for fine storage. EL16 General Lighting in Self-Storage Areas (Climate Zones: all) Figure 5-18. (EL16) Layout for self storage. |
| 81 | EL17 General Lighting in Office Areas (Climate Zones: all) Figure 5-19. (EL17) Layout for office. EL18 General Lighting in Other Spaces (Climate Zones: all) |
| 82 | EL19 Under Canopy Lighting (Climate Zones: all) EL20 Sources (Climate Zones: all) EL21 Controls (Climate Zones: all) |
| 83 | HV1 General (Climate Zones: all) Figure 5-20. (HV1) Typical HVAC packaged unit and split system layouts. |
| 84 | Figure 5-21. (HV1) Typical HVAC heating equipment (unit and outside air heaters and radiant heaters). Bottom left image adapted from a drawing provided by Cambridge Engineering, Inc. HV2 HVAC System Types (Climate Zones: all) |
| 85 | HV3 Cooling and Heating Loads (Climate Zones: all) HV4 Temperature and Humidity Control (Climate Zones: all) |
| 86 | HV5 Radiant Heating (Climate Zones Î Ï Ð Ñ) HV6 Energy Recovery (Climate Zones: all) |
| 87 | HV7 Destratification (Climate Zones: Î Ï Ð Ñ) HV8 Equipment Efficiency (Climate Zones: all) HV9 Ventilation Air (Climate Zones: all) Figure 5-22. (HV9) Example of ventilation system. |
| 88 | HV10 Exhaust Air (Climate Zones: all) HV11 Ductwork Distribution (Climate Zones: all) |
| 89 | HV12 Duct Insulation (Climate Zones: all) HV13 Duct Sealing and Leakage (Climate Zones: all) HV14 Fan Motors (Climate Zones: all) HV15 Thermal Zones (Climate Zones: all) |
| 90 | Figure 5-23. (HV15) Perimeter system zoning. HV16 Control Strategies (Climate Zones: all) HV17 Testing, Adjusting, and Balancing (TAB) (Climate Zones: all) HV18 Filters (Climate Zones: all) |
| 91 | HV19 Heating Sources (Climate Zones: all) HV20 Return and Relief Air (Climate Zones: all) HV21 Noise Control (Climate Zones: all) Figure 5-24. (HV21) Typical noise paths for rooftop-mounted HVAC units. HV22 Heating Supply Air Temperatures (Climate Zones: all) |
| 92 | HV23 Zone Temperature Control (Climate Zones: all) HV24 Economizers (Climate Zones: Ì Í Î Ï Ð Ñ) |
| 93 | WH1 Service Water Heating Types (Climate Zones: all) WH2 System Description (Climate Zones: all) WH3 Sizing (Climate Zones: all) WH4 Equipment Efficiency (Climate Zones: all) |
| 94 | WH5 Location (Climate Zones: all) WH6 Pipe Insulation (Climate Zones: all) VC1 Demand-Control Ventilation |
| 95 | Table 5-3. Recommendations for Efficient Plug Load Equipment (for Office Spaces in Warehouses) |
| 96 | PL1 Purchase Energy-Efficient Equipment (Climate Zones: all) PL2 Use Time Clocks to Disable Plug Loads (Climate Zones: all) PL3 Use Motion-Based Plug Strips (Climate Zones: all) PL4 Delay Loads to Off-Peak Hours, if Possible (Climate Zones: all) PL5 Identify Loads That Are Not Needed (Climate Zones: all) |
| 97 | EX1 Exterior Lighting Power (Climate Zones: all) EX2 Sources (Climate Zones: all) EX3 Parking Lighting (Climate Zones: all) EX4 Controls (Climate Zones: all) |
| 99 | Table A-1. Envelope Thermal Performance Factors |
| 100 | Table B-1. Mexican Climate Zones |
| 101 | Table B-2. Canadian Climate Zones |
| 102 | Books and Standards |
| 104 | Web Sites |
