This document encompasses key characteristics of primary optical elements (lenses and mirrors) and lens or mirror parquets for concentrator photovoltaics including: optical performance, mechanical geometry, mechanical strength, materials, and surface morphology. The document identifies the essential characteristics, the corresponding quantities of interest, and provides a method for measurement of each quantity.<\/p>\n
This document allows lens and mirror manufacturers, concentrator module manufacturers, test laboratories and other interested parties to define lens\/mirror qualities and inspect lenses and mirrors. There are no pass\/fail criteria associated with the document.<\/p>\n
This document defines the test conditions rather than to specify the precise setup of a measurement apparatus. For example, this enables laboratories to acquire reliable and comparable measurement results irrespective of the existing large variety of experimental setups for focal spot characterization. High priority is given to comparable and reproducible measurements of the irradiance distribution in the focal plane and of the optical efficiency. This requires trade-offs that reduce the similarities to outdoor conditions. Furthermore, it is intended not to refer to properties of specific solar cells as this document is dedicated to concentrator optics.<\/p>\n
The terms for lenses are applicable for mirrors, unless otherwise specified.<\/p>\n
| PDF Pages<\/th>\n | PDF Title<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2<\/td>\n | undefined <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 4<\/td>\n | CONTENTS <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 6<\/td>\n | FOREWORD <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 8<\/td>\n | 1 Scope 2 Normative references <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 9<\/td>\n | 3 Terms and definitions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 10<\/td>\n | Figures Figure 1 \u2013 Example of efficiency versus spot size \u2013Encircled energy level of 95 % <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 11<\/td>\n | 4 Primary optics for concentrator photovoltaic systems Tables Table 1 \u2013 Characteristics: product identification <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 12<\/td>\n | Table 2 \u2013 Characteristics: optics <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 13<\/td>\n | Table 3 \u2013 Characteristics: mechanics Table 4 \u2013 Characteristics: materials <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 14<\/td>\n | Table 5 \u2013 Characteristics: geometry Table 6 \u2013 Characteristics: visual appearance <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 15<\/td>\n | 5 Optics 5.1 Source spectrum 5.2 Optical material properties 5.2.1 Spectral transmittance of lens material <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 19<\/td>\n | 5.2.2 Spectral hemispherical reflectance of mirrors <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 20<\/td>\n | 5.2.3 Dispersion: Abbe number of CPV primary lens materials <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 21<\/td>\n | 5.2.4 Refractive index nD of CPV primary lens materials <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 22<\/td>\n | 5.3 Focusing characteristics: Focal length, lens efficiency, focal spot size and uniformity 5.3.1 Preliminaries <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 23<\/td>\n | Table 7 \u2013 Methods and results of the round robin for the focal characteristics of Fresnel lenses <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 24<\/td>\n | 5.3.2 Method A <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 25<\/td>\n | 5.3.3 Method B <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 28<\/td>\n | 5.3.4 Method C <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 31<\/td>\n | 6 Mechanics 6.1 Minimum radius 6.2 Surface hardness 6.3 Impact resistance (dynamic) 6.3.1 Definitions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 32<\/td>\n | 6.3.2 Setup of experiments 6.3.3 Procedure 6.3.4 Presentation of results 7 Materials Figure 2 \u2013 Example of a primary lens parquet, set up for the hail impact test <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 33<\/td>\n | 8 Geometry 8.1 General 8.2 Definitions 8.3 Fresnel lenses and Fresnel mirrors 8.4 Presentation of drawing and tables <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 34<\/td>\n | Figure 3 \u2013 Drawing of general dimensions of Fresnel lens parquet <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 35<\/td>\n | Figure 4 \u2013 Detail X from Figure 3 \u2013 Flange and lens of Fresnel lens parquet Figure 5 \u2013 Detail Y from Figure 3 \u2013 Thickness of lens substrate (glass)and superstrate (silicone) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 36<\/td>\n | 8.5 Data exchange 9 Visual apprearance 9.1 Imperfections, blemishes 9.2 Clarity and colour 9.2.1 Haze (and schlieren; scorch) Figure 6 \u2013 Detail Z from Figure 5 \u2013 Drawing of prism with tip radius Rtand groove radius Rg <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 37<\/td>\n | 9.2.2 Colour <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 38<\/td>\n | Bibliography <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Primary optics for concentrator photovoltaic systems<\/b><\/p>\n |